electronics

• Inductors have basic construction and uses.
• The strength of the magnetic field established by an inductor is affected by factors such as the number of turns of wire in the inductor, the material of the core, the shape and size of the core, and the shape, size, and arrangement of the wire making up the coils.
• The amount of inductance in an inductor is dependent on these factors.
• A voltage booster is used in many circuits operating in the 1MHz to several hundred MHz range, including radio receiver.
• There are two types of transformer: step-up and step-down.
• A step-down transformer is an electrical device that reduces the voltage of an alternating current (AC) power supply.
• A diode is a semiconductor component that allows current to flow in only one direction.
• Diodes come in various types such as rectifier, zener, light-emitting, and segmented display.
• Protect the diode from too much current using a series resistor.
• For many years, LEDs were used primarily as indicator lights in electronic devices.
• In recent years, LEDs have become more common as a lighting alternative to traditional bulbs and fixtures.
• Forward biasing occurs when the voltage across a diode permits the natural flow of current, whereas reverse biasing denotes a voltage across the diode in the opposite direction.
• The voltage present across a diode during reverse biasing does not produce any significant flow of current.
• The V-I characteristic curve of a Silicon Diode is one of the active electronic parts to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
• There are two types of Rectifier: the half wave and the full wave rectifier.
• There are two types of full wave rectifier: the bridge and the center-tapped.
• LEDs are a type of diode that emits light when excited electrons falls back to its unenergized valence state.
• When using LEDs, mind the anode-cathode polarity.
• Brightness of LEDs depends on current drawn, when the forward-bias voltage is reached.
• A capacitor (also known as a condenser) is a two metal plates device separated by an insulator such as laminated paper with electrolytes, ceramics, air etc.
• A capacitor stores the energy in the form of an electrostatic field.
• The storage ability of a capacitor is measured in Farad “F” and “µF” or “nF” units are used for small capacitors.
• A capacitor can be thought of as a battery with very low capacity.
• A capacitor can be charged and discharged, just like a battery.
• A capacitor is often used to introduce a time-delay in a circuit.
• A capacitor is also useful for removing noise in an audio signal, or make the power supply of a circuit more stable.
• By connecting a capacitor in parallel with a resistor and an LED, the capacitor can store energy and use the energy after the battery is disconnected, creating a “fading out”-effect of the LED.
• Capacitors come as polarized and non-polarized capacitors.
• The biggest difference between polarized and non-polarized capacitors is that with the polarized capacitor, you have a positive and a negative pin and you need to make sure to connect them correctly.
• Ceramic capacitors are a type of capacitor which uses a ceramic material as the dielectric and are non-polarized, meaning they can be installed facing either direction.
• Electrolytic capacitors are used as filtering devices in various power supplies to reduce the voltage ripple and are polarized, meaning the voltage on the positive terminal must always be greater than the voltage on the negative terminal.
• A trimmer capacitor is a type of variable capacitor (a capacitor that can have its capacitance manually adjusted by changing the positioning of the two conductive plates).
• A capacitor works in AC as well as DC circuits and allows AC to pass as its polarity keeps on changing while behaving as an open circuit in DC.