Sex and Gender

• What is the biological status of a person referred to as?

  Sex
• How is a person's sex determined?

  By different chromosomes (XX vs XY)
• What influences hormonal differences in sex?

  Different chromosomes
• What does sex influence in a person?

  Anatomy, including reproductive organs
• What is the definition of gender?

  A person's psychological status as masculine or feminine
• What factors influence gender?

  Social norms and cultural expectations
• How do sex and gender differ fundamentally?

  Sex is biological; gender is psychological
• What is gender dysphoria (GD)?

  Discomfort with one's biologically prescribed sex
• What might someone with gender dysphoria choose to do?

  Undergo gender reassignment surgery
• What is the term for children with ambiguous genitalia at birth?

  Intersex
• What is the prevalence of intersex conditions at birth?

  About 1 in 2000 babies
• What is a sex-role stereotype?

  A set of beliefs about expected behaviors
• How are sex-role stereotypes transmitted in society?

  Through socialization and cultural reinforcement
• How do children learn sex-role stereotypes?

  Through explicit and implicit socialization
• What types of play are typically associated with boys and girls?

  Boys: loud play; Girls: quiet play
• What role does the media play in sex-role stereotypes?

  It maintains and can break stereotypes
• What can result from sex-role stereotypes?

  Discrimination based on gender expectations
• How do sex-role stereotypes affect women's roles in the workplace?

  They may lead to assumptions about emotionality