Chromatography

• What is the purpose of paper chromatography?

  To separate substances in a mixture
• What are the four ways scientists use to separate mixtures?

  Filtration, crystallization, distillation, chromatography
• What type of process is chromatography?

  Physical process
• What does paper chromatography separate substances based on?

  Different solubilities
• How can you determine if a pen contains a single color or a mixture of colors using chromatography?

  By observing the number of spots formed
• What is the special paper used in chromatography called?

  Chromatography paper
• Why do we use a pencil line in chromatography?

  To prevent ink from moving with the solvent
• What do we call the liquid that dissolves substances in chromatography?

  Solvent
• What are the two phases in paper chromatography?

  Stationary phase and mobile phase
• What happens to chemicals that are strongly attracted to the stationary phase?

  They do not move far up the paper
• What is the stationary phase in paper chromatography?

  The paper that does not move
• What indicates that a color is a pure substance in chromatography?

  It produces a single spot
• How does the behavior of a pure chemical differ from a mixture in chromatography?

  A pure chemical produces a single spot
• How does changing the solvent affect the results in chromatography?

  It may change the position of the spots
• What is a common question asked in exams about chromatography?

  Why do we draw a starting line in pencil?
• What happens to the red color when a different solvent is used in chromatography?

  It still produces a single spot
• What is the role of the solvent in paper chromatography?

  To dissolve the ink and carry it up
• What does the separation of colors in chromatography indicate?

  Presence of different substances in a mixture
• What is the importance of chromatography in scientific research?


  It helps in analyzing and separating mixtures
• What are some types of chromatography besides paper chromatography?

  Gas chromatography, liquid chromatography
• What does the distance traveled by substances in chromatography indicate?

  It reflects their solubility and attraction
• What is the retention factor (Rf) in chromatography?

  It is the ratio of distance traveled by substance to solvent
• How is chromatography used in real-world scenarios?

  To analyze food, drugs, and environmental samples