Cardiovascular disease

• What is cardiovascular disease?

  Diseases of the cardiovascular system
• What is the main focus of the video?

  Treatments for cardiovascular diseases
• What are some treatments for cardiovascular diseases?

  Stents, statins, replacement valves
• What happens in coronary heart disease?

  Coronary arteries get blocked by fatty material
• How does blockage in coronary arteries affect the heart?

  Less oxygen reaches the heart muscle
• What are the two main treatments for coronary heart disease?

  Stents and statins
• What is a stent?

  An expandable tube for arteries
• What are the benefits of stents?

  Quick surgery and long-term effectiveness
• What are the risks associated with stent surgery?

  Heart attack, infection, thrombosis
• What are statins?

  Medications that alter cholesterol balance
• What types of cholesterol do statins affect?

  Decrease bad LDL and increase good HDL
• What is a downside of taking statins?

  Must be taken regularly and may cause side effects
• How can heart valves become damaged?

  Due to aging, heart attacks, or infections
• What is the role of heart valves?

  Allow blood to flow in one direction
• What are the two main problems with faulty heart valves?

  Stiff valves or valves that leak blood
• How can faulty heart valves be fixed?

  By replacing them with new valves
• What types of valves can be used for replacement?

  Biological or mechanical valves
• What is a risk associated with valve replacement surgery?

  Ongoing risk of blood clots
• What is heart failure?

  Heart can't pump blood properly
• What is the only proper treatment for severe heart failure?

  A new heart transplant
• What types of hearts can be used for transplants?

  Biological or artificial hearts
• Why are artificial hearts generally temporary fixes?

  They are not very effective long-term
• What is a challenge in finding donor hearts?

  It can take a long time to find one
• What can happen after a successful heart transplant?

  The body may reject the new heart
• What is an advantage of artificial hearts?

  They are not rejected by the immune system
• What is a heart and lung transplant?

  Transplant of both heart and lungs
• Why is finding donor organs challenging?

  Hard to find matching donor organs
• What is the nature of surgery for heart and lung transplants?

  It is very complicated