Alleles, phenotypes and genotypes

• What is the focus of today's video?

  Different genetic terms and concepts
• What is an allele?

  A different version of the same gene
• What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

  Dominant alleles are expressed over recessive ones
• What does homozygous mean?

  Having two identical alleles for a gene
• What does heterozygous mean?

  Having two different alleles for a gene
• What is a gene?

  A segment of DNA coding for a protein
• How do genes determine characteristics?

  They code for proteins that influence traits
• How are most characteristics determined?

  By multiple interacting genes
• What is the relationship between alleles and proteins?

  Alleles are different codes for the same protein
• What does it mean to be homozygous recessive?

  Having two alleles for the recessive trait
• What color would a heterozygous mouse be if purple is dominant?

  It would be purple
• What is the definition of genotype?

  The entire collection of alleles in an organism
• What is the definition of phenotype?

  The observable characteristics from the genotype
• How can two mice have the same phenotype but different genotypes?

  They can have different alleles but show the same trait
• What phenotype would a homozygous recessive mouse have?

  It would be green
• What are the key terms related to genetics discussed in the video?

  • Allele
  • Dominant
  • Recessive
  • Homozygous
  • Heterozygous
  • Genotype
  • Phenotype
• How do genotype and phenotype differ in genetics?

  • Genotype: Collection of alleles
  • Phenotype: Observable traits from genotype