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Biology
Inheritance, variation and evolution
Meiosis
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Created by
Chloe Smith
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Cards (24)
What process forms gametes in sexual reproduction?
Meiosis
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What are gametes also known as?
Sex cells
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How much genetic material do gametes contain?
Half
the genetic material
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What do we call cells that contain half the genetic material?
Haploid cells
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What happens when two gametes combine?
They form a normal
diploid
cell
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What type of cells do gametes form?
Diploid
cells
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What is the first step in meiosis?
Replicate
all of the cell's DNA
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How many types of chromosomes do humans have?
23
different types
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How many individual chromosomes does a human cell have?
46
individual chromosomes
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What are maternal chromosomes?
Chromosomes
from the mother
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What are paternal chromosomes?
Chromosomes from the
father
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What shape do chromosomes take after DNA replication?
X
shape
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What happens to chromosome pairs during meiosis?
They line up randomly along the
center
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Why is the random arrangement of chromosomes important?
It leads to
genetic diversity
in
gametes
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What occurs during the first division of meiosis?
Chromosome
pairs are pulled apart
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How many cells result from the second division of meiosis?
Four
cells
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What are the gametes produced in male animals?
Sperm cells
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What are the gametes produced in female animals?
Egg cells
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What happens during fertilization?
A
sperm
and
egg
fuse
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What type of cell is formed after fertilization?
Diploid
cell
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What process does the diploid cell undergo after fertilization?
Mitosis
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What are the main stages of meiosis?
DNA replication
First division:
chromosome
pairs separate
Second division:
sister chromatids
separate
Formation of four genetically unique gametes
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What is the significance of genetic uniqueness in gametes?
Promotes
genetic diversity
Essential for
evolution
Important for
adaptation
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What is the relationship between meiosis and sexual reproduction?
Meiosis produces
gametes
Gametes are necessary for fertilization
Fertilization leads to
diploid
organism formation
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