Cards (24)

  • What process forms gametes in sexual reproduction?
    Meiosis
  • What are gametes also known as?
    Sex cells
  • How much genetic material do gametes contain?
    Half the genetic material
  • What do we call cells that contain half the genetic material?
    Haploid cells
  • What happens when two gametes combine?
    They form a normal diploid cell
  • What type of cells do gametes form?
    Diploid cells
  • What is the first step in meiosis?
    Replicate all of the cell's DNA
  • How many types of chromosomes do humans have?
    23 different types
  • How many individual chromosomes does a human cell have?
    46 individual chromosomes
  • What are maternal chromosomes?
    Chromosomes from the mother
  • What are paternal chromosomes?
    Chromosomes from the father
  • What shape do chromosomes take after DNA replication?
    X shape
  • What happens to chromosome pairs during meiosis?
    They line up randomly along the center
  • Why is the random arrangement of chromosomes important?
    It leads to genetic diversity in gametes
  • What occurs during the first division of meiosis?
    Chromosome pairs are pulled apart
  • How many cells result from the second division of meiosis?
    Four cells
  • What are the gametes produced in male animals?
    Sperm cells
  • What are the gametes produced in female animals?
    Egg cells
  • What happens during fertilization?
    A sperm and egg fuse
  • What type of cell is formed after fertilization?
    Diploid cell
  • What process does the diploid cell undergo after fertilization?
    Mitosis
  • What are the main stages of meiosis?
    1. DNA replication
    2. First division: chromosome pairs separate
    3. Second division: sister chromatids separate
    4. Formation of four genetically unique gametes
  • What is the significance of genetic uniqueness in gametes?
    • Promotes genetic diversity
    • Essential for evolution
    • Important for adaptation
  • What is the relationship between meiosis and sexual reproduction?
    • Meiosis produces gametes
    • Gametes are necessary for fertilization
    • Fertilization leads to diploid organism formation