Mendel

• Who is considered the founding father of genetics?

  Gregor Mendel
• What was Gregor Mendel's profession?

  Austrian scientist and monk
• What did farmers know about crossbreeding by the 1800s?

  It could lead to more favorable offspring
• What did Mendel study in his experiments?

  Traits of pea plants
• Which traits did Mendel study in pea plants?

  Height, flower color, pod color
• What was the first experiment Mendel conducted with pea plants?

  • Crossed a green pea plant with a yellow pea plant
  • Offspring were all yellow pea plants
• What was the result when Mendel crossed two yellow pea plants?

  Three quarters were yellow, one quarter green
• Why did Mendel conclude that hereditary units exist?

  Because traits were passed on differently
• What did Mendel call the units being passed on?

  Hereditary units
• What are dominant and recessive hereditary units?

  Dominant units are expressed, recessive are not
• How did Mendel's findings relate to the expression of traits?

  Recessive traits expressed only with both parents
• What did Mendel find when he experimented with other traits?

  He found the same dominant-recessive pattern
• What significant scientific knowledge was lacking in Mendel's time?

  Knowledge of DNA and genes
• What discovery was made towards the end of the 1800s?

  Discovery of chromosomes
• What did scientists notice about chromosomes in the early 1900s?

  Similarities to Mendel's hereditary units
• What term do we use today for Mendel's hereditary units?

  Genes
• What major discovery was made in the 1950s regarding DNA?

  Double helix structure of DNA
• When was the entire human genome sequenced?

  In 2003
• What is the historical significance of Mendel's work?

  • Laid foundation for genetics
  • Introduced concepts of dominant and recessive traits
  • Influenced future genetic research
• What is the main focus of the video discussed?

  The work of Gregor Mendel