Metallic Bonding & Structure

Cards (26)

  • What is the structure of metals?
    Giant lattice structures
  • What are the components of a metallic lattice structure?
    Metal cations and delocalised electrons
  • What happens to the outer electrons of metal atoms in metallic bonding?
    They become delocalised
  • What type of bonding occurs between metal cations and delocalised electrons?
    Metallic bonding
  • What type of force is metallic bonding?
    Electrostatic attractions
  • What is the relationship between metallic bonds and the lattice structure of metals?
    Metallic bonds hold the metals together
  • How does the strength of metallic bonds relate to the melting point of a metal?
    Stronger bonds mean higher melting point
  • What three main factors influence the strength of metallic bonds?
    • Number of delocalised electrons per atom
    • Charge of the metal cation
    • Radius of the metal cation
  • How does the number of delocalised electrons per atom affect metallic bond strength?
    More electrons lead to stronger bonds
  • Why does a higher number of delocalised electrons lead to stronger metallic bonds?
    Stronger electrostatic attractions
  • How does the charge of the metal cation affect metallic bond strength?
    Higher charge results in stronger bonds
  • How does the radius of the metal cation affect metallic bond strength?
    Smaller radius results in stronger bonds
  • Why do smaller metal cations have stronger metallic bonds?
    Higher charge density
  • How does cation size affect the delocalised electrons?
    Electrons held closer to nucleus
  • What is the melting point of magnesium?
    650°C
  • What is the melting point of sodium?
    98°C
  • Why does magnesium have a higher melting point than sodium?
    More delocalised electrons
  • Why does magnesium have a higher melting point than sodium?
    Higher cation charge
  • Why does magnesium have a higher melting point than sodium?
    Smaller cation size
  • What charge does a magnesium cation have?
    +2
  • What charge does a sodium cation have?
    +1
  • What properties of metals result from their metallic bonding and lattice structure?
    • High melting and boiling points
    • Good conductors of electricity and heat
    • Malleable and ductile
    • Insoluble
  • Why do metals have high melting and boiling points?
    Strong electrostatic forces
  • Why are metals good conductors of electricity and heat?
    Delocalised electrons
  • What makes metals malleable and ductile?
    Layers of cations can slide
  • Why are metals insoluble?
    Strength of metallic bonding