factors that affect the rate of reaction

• What are the factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions?

  Temperature, concentration/pressure, surface area, catalyst
• What is the theory behind chemical reactions called?

  Collision theory
• What must particles do to react according to collision theory?

  Collide with sufficient energy
• What is the term for the minimum energy required for a reaction?

  Activation energy
• What happens if particles collide with less energy than the activation energy?

  They bounce apart without reacting
• What two main factors determine the rate of a chemical reaction?

  Energy of particles and frequency of collisions
• How does increasing the energy of particles affect the rate of reaction?

  It increases the likelihood of surpassing activation energy
• What is the effect of increasing the frequency of collisions on the rate of reaction?

  It increases the number of successful collisions
• How does temperature affect particle movement in a reaction?

  Higher temperature increases particle movement speed
• What happens to the rate of reaction as temperature increases?

  The rate of reaction increases
• How are concentration and pressure related to the rate of reaction?

  Both increase the number of particles per volume
• What is the effect of higher surface area on the rate of reaction?

  It increases the frequency of collisions
• How would powdered magnesium react compared to a solid block of magnesium?

  Powdered magnesium reacts faster due to a larger surface area
• How do catalysts affect activation energy?

  They lower the activation energy
• What is a catalyst?

  A substance that speeds up a reaction
• What are enzymes?

  Catalysts made by living organisms
• What is the role of transition metals in catalysis?

  They often act as catalysts
• What are the four main factors affecting the rate of chemical reactions?

  • Temperature
  • Concentration
  • Pressure
  • Surface area
  • Presence of a catalyst
• What are the key concepts of collision theory?

  • Particles must collide to react
  • Collisions must have sufficient energy (activation energy)
  • More energy and frequent collisions increase the rate of reaction
• How do temperature, concentration, pressure, and surface area affect reaction rates?

  • Increase energy of particles
  • Increase frequency of collisions
  • Result in more successful collisions
• How does a catalyst function in a chemical reaction?

  • Speeds up reactions
  • Lowers activation energy
  • Provides an alternative reaction pathway