Biology (cells midpoint)

• What do you say instead of zoom?

  Increase the magnification
• What is 10mm in cm

  1cm
• What is 100cm in meters

  1m
• What is 1000m in km

  1km
• What is 1000 micrometers in mm

  1mm
• What is 1000 nanometers in micrometers

  1um
• What is 1,000,000 nanometers in mm

  1mm
• Resolution=

  More detailed image
• What are the advantages of a light microscope

  Cheaper

  Easy to transport
• What are the disadvantages of a light microscope

  Not as high resolution or magnification
• What are the advantages of a transmission electron microscope?

  Very high magnification, very high resolution
• What are the disadvantages of a transmission electron microscope

  Expensive, only 2D images
• What are the advantages of a scanning electron microscope

  High magnification, high resolution, 3D images
• What are the disadvantages of a scanning electron microscope

  Expensive, not portable
• What is the equation for magnification

  Magnification= size of image/ size of actual object
• How do you put a slide in a microscope?

  Put the slide on the microscope stage, put the stage clips on top to secure it. Finally turn the nose to change the magnification.
• Cell wall function

  Strengthens the cell
• Mitochondria function

  Most energy is released by respiration here
• Nucleus function

  Controls genetic material and the activities of the cell
• Chloroplasts function

  Contains chlorophyll absorbing light energy for photosynthesis
• Cell membrane function

  Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
• Ribosome function

  Protein synthesis happens here
• Vacuole function

  Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid
• Cytoplasm function

  Chemical processes take place here controlled by enzymes
• What do bacteria need to survive

  Nutrients

  Moisture

  Warmth

  Oxygen
• Capsule function

  Gives protection
• Pili function

  For attaching to other bacterial cells
• Plasmid function

  Rings of DNA storing genetic material
• Flagellum function

  Helps the bacterial cell to move around
• What is a specialised cell

  A specialised cell is a cell with a specific function in the body
• Which part of the nerve cell is the conductor of electricity

  Synapse
• What might happen to the electrical impulse without the myelin sheath (the insulation) on a nerve cell?

  It will send messages a lot slower
• What does muscle store

  Glycogen
• What can glycogen be converted into?

  Glucose
• Why is it useful that muscles have a lot of glycogen?

  So that the muscle can perform respiration (release energy).
• Which cell would you find a lot in muscle cells and why?

  Mitochondria because it releases energy
• What process is oxygen and red blood cells needed for?

  Respiration
• Why is the biconcave disc shape of the red blood cell useful?

  Because it increases the surface area meaning it can carry more oxygen
• Why is it useful that red blood cells don’t have a nucleus

  Because now they would have more space to carry the oxygen