Operant Conditioning

• What is operant conditioning?

  A type of learning associating behavior with consequences
• What do schedules of reinforcement determine?

  When rewards are given
• What is the role of consequences in operant conditioning?

  Consequences influence the likelihood of behavior recurrence
• How does operant conditioning differ from classical conditioning?

  Operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behavior
• What does operant conditioning focus on?

  Behavior and its consequences
• What are the two types of consequences in operant conditioning?

  Reinforcement and punishment
• What is reinforcement in operant conditioning?

  Increases the likelihood of a behavior repeating
• How does positive reinforcement affect a student's behavior?

  It encourages them to participate more
• What is positive punishment?

  Adding something unpleasant after a behavior
• How does positive reinforcement work in operant conditioning?

  • Increases behavior likelihood
  • Example: Teacher praises a correct answer
  • Encourages more participation
• What is the common goal of both positive and negative punishment?

  • Discourage the unwanted action from recurring
• What is negative punishment?

  Removing something desirable after a behavior
• What follows a behavior in operant conditioning?

  Consequences
• What is negative reinforcement?

  Removing something unpleasant after a behavior
• What happens to behavior in operant conditioning when it is followed by positive consequences?

  The behavior is strengthened and likely to recur
• What are the two types of punishment?

  1. Positive Punishment
  2. Negative Punishment
• What is reinforcement in behavior psychology?

  It makes a behavior more likely to happen again
• What are the two key aspects of operant conditioning?

  Reinforcement and punishment
• What is the goal of reinforcement?

  Increase behavior likelihood
• What are the two types of reinforcement?

  • Positive Reinforcement
  • Negative Reinforcement
• What is the goal of punishment?

  Decrease behavior likelihood
• What is positive reinforcement?

  Adding something good after a behavior
• What is the definition of punishment in behavior modification?

  Punishment decreases the chance of a behavior repeating
• How do schedules of reinforcement impact behavior?

  They affect how frequently behaviors occur
• What are the types of reinforcement and punishment?

  • Reinforcement: Positive & Negative
  • Punishment: Positive & Negative
• How do both types of reinforcement affect behavior?

  • Both increase the chance of repeating the action
• How does positive punishment affect behavior?

  Parking fines discourage parking violations
• How is behavior linked in operant conditioning?

  It is linked to a consequence
• How does operant conditioning influence daily choices?

  • Shapes behavior through consequences
  • Reinforces positive behaviors
  • Discourages negative behaviors
• What does operant conditioning strengthen or weaken?

  Behavior based on consequences
• What is the key difference between reinforcement and punishment?

  • Reinforcement encourages desired behaviors
  • Punishment discourages undesired behaviors
• Who is the founder of operant conditioning?

  Skinner
• What does the criticism of operant conditioning suggest about its view of human actions?

  It provides an incomplete view of behavior
• What is operant conditioning?

  A learning process through consequences
• Who is the founder of classical conditioning?

  Pavlov
• How do Pavlov's dog experiment and Skinner's box illustrate classical and operant conditioning?

  • Pavlov's experiment: Bell associated with food
  • Skinner's box: Lever pressing leads to food
• What is punishment in operant conditioning?

  Decreases the likelihood of a behavior repeating
• What internal factors does operant conditioning ignore?

  Thoughts and feelings influencing behavior
• How does positive reinforcement work in studying?

  Good grades reinforce studying habits