Module 6: Thigh and Knee

• What are the bones of the Thigh and Knee?

  Femur, Tibia, Patella
• Where does the Fibula belong to?

  Leg, Ankle, and Feet
• Longest and Heaviest bone? Takes about 25% of the body height?


  Femur
• What are the two Femoral Condyles?

  Medial and Lateral
• Which femoral condyle is more larger and longer?

  Medial Condyle
• Which femoral condyle is more anterior?

  Lateral Condyle
• In the Tibial plateau, what are the two meniscus?

  Medial and Lateral
• Which meniscus is C-shaped (concave & half-moon shaped)?

  Medial Meniscus
• Which meniscus is O-shaped (convex)?

  Lateral Meniscus
• In the tibia, what part is superior and anterior end of patella?

  Tibial tuberosity
• Meniscus are shock absorber of the femur and tibia.
• Patella is a sesamoid bone and diamond shaped.
• The patella increases leverage power by how many percent of quads?

  35%
• Five facets or ridges of the Patella?

  Superior

  Inferior

  Lateral

  Medial

  Odd
• First facet affected in the patella femoral syndrome?

  Odd facet
• Occurs when the cartilage of a person's kneecap softens?

  Chondromalacia Patellae
• Displacement Patella: High, Camel Sign (prominence of infrapatellar bursa)?

  Patella Alta
• Displacement Patella: Low, decrease quads leverage, prone to stiff knee (arthrogenic knee)?

  Patella Baja
• Angle formed between the quadriceps muscle and the patellar tendon?

  Q-angle or Patellofemoral angle
• Normal Q-angle:

  ○ Male - 13°

  ○ Female - 18°
• Normal Q-angle when no gender is specified?

  13-18°
• In Q-angle if the degrees is less than 13?

  Patella Alta
• In Q-angle if the degrees is more than 18?

  Patella Baja
• Bowleg?

  Genu varum
• Knock-knee?

  Genu valgum
• The guiding force that pull the patella superiorly?

  Quadriceps force
• The guiding force that pull the patella inferiorly?

  Patellar ligament force
• The guiding force that pull the patella superiorly and medially?

  Vastus medialis (Oblique fibers)
• The guiding force that pull the patella medially?

  None
• The guiding force that pull the patella inferiorly and medially?

  Medial patellar (retinacular fibers)
• The guiding force that pull the patella superiorly and laterally?

  Iliotibial Band
• The guiding force that pull the patella laterally?

  "Bowstringing" force on the patella
• The guiding force that pull the patella inferiorly and laterally?

  Lateral patellar (retinacular fibers)
• The Tibiofemoral Joint is a Modified hinge joint.
• 2 joints of the tibiofemoral joint?

  ○ Medial tibiofemoral (more weightbearing)

  ○ Lateral tibiofemoral (more synovium)
• In the tibiofemoral joint, what is the (Neutral) position of the knee?

  Genu valgus 6 degrees
• What is the OPP of TFJ?

  25 degrees flexion
• What is the CPP or bone to bone contact of the TBJ?

  Full extension + External Rotation
• What is the capsular pattern of the TBJ?

  Flexion > Extension
• Screw Home Mechanism: Normally, when the knee moves into extension, the tibia laterally rotates about 20°on the fixed femur.