WMM

• Who are the key psychologists for WMM?

  Baddeley and Hitch 1974
• what stores are included in the model?

  • central executive
  • Visuo-spatial sketchpad
  • long-term memory
  • phonological loop
• what is the central executive role?

  • controls attention
  • receives sense information and filters it.
  • works on one type of information at a time.
  • can switch attention between different inputs.
• what is the capacity of the central executive?

  Limited- 4 items
• what does the phonological loop do?

  • processes auditory coded information
• what is the capacity in the phonological loop?

  limited to what can be said in 2 seconds - worth length effect
• What is within the phonological loop?

  • Primary acoustic store
  • Articulatory process
• describe primary acoustic store

  • inner ear
  • holds words recently heard
• describe articulatory process

  • inner voice
  • holds information via sub-vocal repetition
• what does the visual-spatial sketched do?

  • inner eye
  • processes visual and spatially coded information
• what is within the visuo-spatial sketchpad

  • visual cache
  • inner scribe
• describe visual cache

  • passive store of form and colour
• desribe the inner scribe

  • active store holding the relationship between objects in 3D space
• what does the episodic buffer do?

  a general store that holds and integrates information from the other stores.
• Evaluate baddeleys research as a strength

  • Participants asked to perform two visual tasks:
  • Tracking moving lights
  • Describing the angle of the letter F.
  • Or a visual and verbal task
  • Performance was much better when tasks were not using the same processing.
  • PL and VSS are separate stores
• evaluate study of KF as a strength

  • shallice and warrington 1970
  • Kf- selective impairment to his verbal STM caused by brain injury.
  • visual functioning of STM not affected.
• evaluate criticisim as a limitation

  • central executive criticised for being vague and not fully open to testing.
  • baddeley - admits concept needs development
• evaluate inference as a limitation

  • impossible to directly observe processes of memory.
  • inferences have to be made on behaviour observed.
  • these are educated guesses which can be incorrect.
• what is the word length effect?

  lists of short words better recalled than lists of long words
• what is sub-vocal repetition?

  silently pronouncing words in one’s mind whilst reading