Nervous System

• In the nervous system, what three components are involved in the initial stimulus response pathway?

  Stimulus, receptor, and coordinator
• What are the two main components of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  The brain and spinal cord
• What is the primary role of the central nervous system?

  Processing information and giving out instructions
• What three components make up the peripheral nervous system?

  Neurones, receptor cells, and effecters
• What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system?

  Collecting information, sending it to CNS, doring on motorunteins from the CNS
• What type of receptor does the nose use to detect smell?

  Olfactory receptors
• What type of receptor in the skin detects touch?

  Mechanical receptors
• What type of receptor does the tongue use to detect taste?

  Taste receptors
• Besides mechanical receptors, what other receptors does the skin contain?

  Thermal receptors and pain receptors
• What part of the eye detects light?

  The retina
• How do the ears detect sound waves?

  Through vibrations in the inner ear
• Besides detecting sound, what other function do the ears enable?

  Balance
• What is the function of sensory neurons?

  Send impulses from receptors to the CNS
• What is a stimulus?

  A change in the internal or external environment
• What is a receptor?

  A structure that detects stimuli
• What is the role of a coordinator in the nervous system?

  To process information and coordinate a response
• What is an effector?

  A muscle or gland that carries out a response
• What type of neuron connects sensory and motor neurons within the CNS?

  Interneuron
• What is a reflex arc?

  The pathway of a reflex:

  • Receptor detects stimulus
  • Sensory neuron transmits signal to CNS
  • Interneuron processes signal (spinal cord or brainstem)
  • Motor neuron transmits signal to effector
  • Effector produces a rapid, involuntary response
• What is the general term for receptors that detect temperature?

  Thermoreceptors
• What is the general term for receptors that detect physical touch?

  Mechanoreceptors
• What is the general term for receptors that detect pain?

  Nociceptors
• What is the general term for receptors that detect chemicals (e.g., taste, smell)?

  Chemoreceptors
• What is the general term for receptors that detect light?

  Photoreceptors
• What is a key role of the spinal cord?

  Relaying information and mediating reflexes
• What is the function of the myelin sheath?

  Insulates axon and speeds up impulse transmission