Lesson 2

• What does the prefix "δυσ-" (dus-) mean in Greek?

  Bad
• How is the term "disaster" linked to ancient beliefs?

  It was linked to people's beliefs and fate
• What is a disaster according to the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction?

  A serious disruption of community functioning
• What impacts can a disaster lead to?

  Human, material, economic, and environmental impacts
• What are some consequences of disasters?

  Loss of lives, damage to properties, injuries
• How does the International Federation of Red Cross define a disaster?

  A sudden, catastrophic event disrupting community functioning
• When does a hazard become a disaster?

  When it hits a vulnerable populated area
• What happens when demands for action exceed response capabilities?

  A disaster occurs
• What does it mean when losses exceed a community's ability to cope?

  It indicates a disaster situation
• What is disaster risk?

  The potential loss from hazards to a community
• What factors contribute to disaster risk?

  Exposure, vulnerability, and hazard interaction
• What are the two types of disaster risk?

  1. Acceptable or Tolerable Risk
  2. Residual Risk
• What are the characteristics of disaster risk?

  • Forward-looking
  • Dynamic
  • Invisible
  • Unevenly distributed
  • Emergent and complex
• What is the disaster risk equation?

  Disaster Risk = Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability / Capacity
• What does capacity refer to in disaster management?

  The ability to manage adverse disaster conditions
• What is the World Risk Index?

  • A measure of disaster risk by country
  • Includes exposure, vulnerability, and susceptibility
• Which country ranked first in the World Risk Report 2021?

  Vanuatu
• What is the World Risk Index score for the Philippines in 2022?

  46.82
• What are the types of disasters?

  • Natural Disasters
  • Anthropogenic Disasters
  • Socio-natural Disasters
• What factors could affect the outcome of disasters?

  • Scope of the impact
  • Speed of the impact
  • Duration of the impact
  • Social preparedness of the community
• What are primary effects of disasters?

  • Direct situations arising from the disaster itself
• What are secondary effects of disasters?

  • Situations resulting from the primary effect
• What happened during Super Typhoon Rai?

  Downed powerlines in Cagayan de Oro
• What occurred during the Taal Volcano eruption?

  Cows died on the shore of the island
• What happened during Tropical Storm Jenny?

  Damaged crops in Antique
• What happened on Taal Volcano Island on Jan. 12, 2020?

  Cows lie dead after its eruption
• When did Tropical Storm Jenny damage crops in Antique?

  1. 27 to 28, 2019
• What are secondary effects of disasters?

  Situations resulting from the primary effect
• What was a consequence of Super Typhoon Haiyan on Nov. 3 – 11, 2013?

  No electricity during and after the storm
• What did Cebu City residents do after Typhoon Odette on Dec. 16, 2021?

  Collected water from a water tanker
• What communication issue occurred during Typhoon Vamco on Nov. 8 – 15, 2020?

  Intermittent or no signal for various services
• What happened to pharmacies in Camarines Sur after Typhoon Usman?

  Pharmacy was closed
• What was a consequence of the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020?

  Banks temporarily closed
• What alert was issued at NAIA during a thunderstorm on Sept. 25, 2021?

  Lightning Red Alert
• What was a consequence of El Niño in North Cotabato in January 2016?

  Months-long drought
• What happened to coconut trees in Eastern Samar after Super Typhoon Haiyan?

  They were damaged
• What occurred in La Trinidad, Benguet in Feb. 11 – 18, 2020?

  Forest fire
• What are tertiary effects of disasters?


  Can be felt sometime after the disaster
• What is a tertiary effect related to businesses after disasters?

  Permanent closure of many businesses
• What happened to a farm in Jaen, Nueva Ecija in March 2019?

  It was hit by drought due to El Niño