Non-communicable Diseases

• Disease is a disorder that affects an organism's body, organs, tissues or cells.
• Cancer and carcinogens are factors that can contribute to disease.
• Risk factors and causal mechanisms are factors that contribute to disease.
• Smoking and cardiovascular disease are factors that can contribute to disease.
• Effects of alcohol on organs and unborn babies are factors that can contribute to disease.
• Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are factors that can contribute to disease.
• The principles of sampling and analysing patterns of data are used in disease studies.
• Line graphs are used to display data in disease studies.
• Measuring the frequency of disease and using scatter diagrams to investigate trends are methods used in disease studies.
• Diseases can be grouped into two types: communicable, which can be transferred from one person to another, or from one organism to another, such as measles, food poisoning and malaria, and non-communicable, which are not transferred between people or other organisms.
• Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes, heart disease, neurological disorders, and others.
• Ethanol, also known as alcohol, is a substance that can change chemical reactions in the body.
• Stress is the body's response to mental or emotional pressure.
• Situations that may occur in a person’s life can trigger interactions between different types of diseases.
• Defects in the immune system can lead to an individual being more likely to suffer from infectious diseases.
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, which lead to AIDS, affect the immune system and increase the likelihood of infectious diseases.
• Viruses, which can live in cells and be the trigger for cancers, are a type of microorganism that causes disease.
• Diet and lifestyle factors such as alcohol can have major effects on physical and mental health.
• The cervix is a ring of muscle at the lower end of the uterus.
• The reproductive system involves the organs and tissues involved in producing offspring.
• The immune system prevents disease by identifying and destroying pathogens and other foreign bodies.
• Pathogens are microorganisms that cause disease.
• Allergic reactions can lead to skin rashes and asthma.
• Severe respiratory infections in babies can lead to asthma in later childhood.
• Severe physical ill health can lead to depression.
• Depression is a condition which affects mental health and causes people to experience symptoms such as depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure and feelings of guilt or low self-worth.
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