Shoulder Joint Overview

• What is another name for the shoulder joint?

  Glenohumeral joint
• What type of joint is the shoulder joint?

  Ball-and-socket synovial joint
• What does the shoulder joint connect?

  Upper limb to the torso
• What range of motion does the shoulder joint allow?

  Wide range of motion
• Into what specific classification does the shoulder joint fall?

  Synovial, ball-and-socket
• What is the classification of the shoulder joint based on its mobility?

  Diarthrosis
• What does "diarthrosis" mean?

  Freely movable joint
• Which bone has a rounded head that articulates with the glenoid fossa?

  Humerus
• Which bone has a shallow, concave glenoid cavity?

  Scapula
• Although not directly part of the joint, which bone connects the shoulder complex to the sternum?

  Clavicle
• What is the function of the clavicle in relation to the shoulder?

  Helps stabilize the shoulder
• What is the shape of the humeral head?

  Ball-like structure
• What is the shape of the glenoid fossa?

  Shallow, slightly concave
• What structure deepens the glenoid fossa and enhances stability?

  Glenoid labrum
• What type of tissue is the glenoid labrum made of?

  Fibrocartilage
• What type of structure is the joint capsule?

  Fibrous
• What does the joint capsule enclose?

  Humeral head and glenoid fossa
• Superiorly, to what does the joint capsule attach?

  Anatomical neck of the humerus
• Inferiorly, to what does the joint capsule attach?

  Anatomical neck of the humerus
• What space is created by the inferior attachment of the joint capsule?

  Axillary pouch
• What is the function of the axillary pouch?

  Allows for movement
• What does the glenoid labrum attach to?

  Rim of the glenoid fossa
• What do the muscles surrounding the shoulder joint provide?

  Movement and stabilization
• Which muscles make up the rotator cuff?

  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
  • Subscapularis
• What is the origin of the supraspinatus muscle?

  Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
• What is the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle?

  Greater tuberosity of the humerus
• What is the origin of the infraspinatus muscle?

  Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
• What are the functions of the supraspinatus muscle?

  Abduction, stabilization of humeral head
• What is the insertion of the infraspinatus muscle?

  Greater tuberosity of the humerus
• What is the function of the infraspinatus muscle?

  Lateral rotation of the arm
• What is the origin of the teres minor muscle?

  Lateral border of the scapula
• What is the insertion of the teres minor muscle?

  Greater tuberosity of the humerus
• What are the functions of the teres minor muscle?

  Lateral rotation and adduction
• What is the origin of the subscapularis muscle?

  Subscapular fossa of the scapula
• What is the insertion of the subscapularis muscle?

  Lesser tuberosity of the humerus
• What is the function of the subscapularis muscle?

  Medial rotation of the arm
• From where does the deltoid muscle originate?

  Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
• Where does the deltoid muscle insert?

  Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
• What are the functions of the deltoid muscle?

  Abduction, flexion, and extension
• Where does the teres major muscle originate?

  Inferior angle of the scapula