Definitions

• What is an acid defined as?

  A proton (H+) donor
• What does atomic number (z) represent?

  The number of protons in the nucleus
• What is an atomic orbital?

  A region of space that can hold 2 electrons
• What is a base defined as?

  A proton (H+) acceptor
• What is the convergence limit in spectroscopy?

  When spectral lines form a continuous band
• What is a coordinate bond?

  A covalent bond from one atom's electrons
• What is coordination number?

  The number of atoms surrounding a central atom
• What defines a covalent bond?

  A pair of electrons shared between two atoms
• What does it mean for an electron to be delocalised?

  It can move between different atoms
• What is dynamic equilibrium?

  Forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate
• What is electronegativity?

  The power of an atom to attract electrons
• What does electronic configuration refer to?

  The arrangement of electrons in an atom
• What is an empirical formula?

  The simplest whole number ratio of atoms
• What is first ionisation energy?

  The energy to remove 1 electron from an atom
• What is half-life?

  Time for half of a radioisotope to decay
• What are intermolecular forces?

  Weak forces holding molecules together
• What are intramolecular bonds?

  Strong bonds between atoms within a molecule
• What is an ion?

  A particle with unequal electrons and protons
• What defines an ionic bond?

  Attraction between positive and negative ions
• What are isotopes?

  Atoms with the same protons but different neutrons
• What is Le Chatelier's Principle?

  Equilibrium shifts to minimize change effects
• What is mass number (A)?

  The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom
• What is molar mass?

  The mass of one mole of a substance
• What is molar volume (Vm)?

  Volume occupied by one mole of gas
• What is a molecular formula?

  The actual number of atoms in a molecule
• What is a molecular ion?

  The positive ion formed in mass spectrometry
• What defines one mole of a substance?

  Contains the same number of particles as 12g of carbon-12
• What is oxidation number?

  The number of electrons to make an element neutral
• How is percentage yield calculated?

  Moles of actual product x 100 / theoretical product
• What is a polar bond?

  A bond with uneven electron density distribution
• What is the position of equilibrium?

  The proportion of products to reactants in equilibrium
• What is relative atomic mass?

  The average mass of an atom relative to carbon-12
• What is relative formula mass?

  The sum of relative atomic masses in a formula
• What is relative isotopic mass?

  The mass of an isotope relative to carbon-12
• What is a reversible reaction?

  A reaction that can go in either direction
• What is a salt?

  A compound formed by metal replacing hydrogen
• What is shielding in chemistry?

  Repulsion between electrons in different shells
• What is a standard solution?

  A solution with an accurately known concentration
• What is stoichiometry?

  The molar relationship in a chemical reaction
• What defines a strong acid?

  An acid that fully dissociates in solution