Save
...
Gender
Role of chromosomes and hormones
A01
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Share
Learn
Created by
jaya
Visit profile
Cards (37)
What are chromosomes made from?
DNA
View source
What do genes determine in a living thing?
Characteristics
of the living thing
View source
How many chromosomes are in the human body?
46
chromosomes
View source
How are chromosomes arranged in the human body?
Into
23 pairs
View source
What does the 23rd pair of chromosomes determine?
Biological sex
View source
What is the chromosomal structure for females?
XX
View source
What is the chromosomal structure for males?
XY
View source
What chromosome do all normal egg cells have?
X chromosome
View source
What chromosomes do sperm carry?
X or Y chromosome
View source
How is a baby's sex determined?
By the
sperm
that fertilizes the
egg
View source
What happens if the fertilizing sperm carries an X chromosome?
The baby will be
female
View source
What happens if the fertilizing sperm carries a Y chromosome?
The
baby
will
be
male
View source
What gene does the Y chromosome carry?
SRY gene
View source
What does the SRY gene cause to develop?
Testes in an
XY
embryo
View source
What do testes produce?
Androgens
: male sex
hormones
View source
What role do chromosomes play in gender development?
They initially determine a person's
sex
View source
How do hormones influence gender development?
They act upon
brain
and
reproductive organ
development
View source
What triggers the development of secondary sexual characteristics at puberty?
A burst of
hormonal
activity
View source
What are androgens important for?
Male development
View source
What is the most widely known androgen?
Testosterone
View source
What does testosterone control during fetal development?
Development
of
male sex organs
View source
What happens if a genetic male produces no testosterone during fetal development?
No male sex organs appear
View source
What can happen if a genetic female produces high levels of testosterone during fetal development?
Male sex organs
may appear
View source
What is the evolutionary explanation for high levels of testosterone?
Linked to
aggression
for mating competition
View source
Why is aggression considered adaptive in males?
It helps compete for
mating opportunities
View source
What does oestrogen determine?
Female sexual characteristics and
menstruation
View source
What emotional effects can oestrogen cause in women?
Heightened
emotionality and irritability
View source
What is premenstrual tension (PMT)?
Emotional symptoms
before
menstruation
View source
How has PMS been used in legal cases?
As a defense in
shoplifting
and
murder
View source
What do some researchers dispute about PMS?
Its existence as a viable
medical
category
View source
What hormone do women typically produce in larger amounts than men?
Oxytocin
View source
What does oxytocin stimulate?
Lactation
for breastfeeding
View source
What effect does oxytocin have on cortisol?
Reduces the
stress hormone
cortisol
View source
Why is oxytocin referred to as the 'love hormone'?
It
facilitates
bonding between mother and child
View source
When is oxytocin released in massive quantities?
During
labour
and after
childbirth
View source
What stereotype has been fueled by men's lower oxytocin production?
Men are less interested in
intimacy
View source
What does evidence suggest about oxytocin production during amorous activities?
Both sexes produce it in
roughly
equal
amounts
View source