A01

• What is a cognitive explanation for a phenomenon?

  It focuses on mental processes' role
• How is schizophrenia related to dysfunctional thought processing?

  It is associated with several types of dysfunction
• What characterizes schizophrenia?

  Disruption to normal thought processing
• What symptoms indicate reduced thought processing in schizophrenia?

  Negative symptoms and hallucinations
• Which brain regions are associated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia?

  Ventral striatum
• What is the role of the temporal and cingulate gyri in schizophrenia?

  They are associated with hallucinations
• What does lower-than-usual information processing suggest in schizophrenia?

  Cognition is likely to be impaired
• How does dysfunction in metarepresentation affect individuals?

  It disrupts recognizing one's own actions
• Who identified metarepresentation dysfunction in schizophrenia?

  Christopher Frith et al. (1992)
• What is metarepresentation?

  The ability to reflect on thoughts and behavior
• What symptoms might arise from metarepresentation dysfunction?

  Hallucinations and delusions like thought insertion
• What is central control dysfunction according to Frith et al.?

  Issues suppressing automatic responses
• How can central control dysfunction manifest in schizophrenia?

  As speech poverty and thought disorder
• What causes derailment of thoughts in schizophrenia?

  Inability to suppress automatic thoughts
• How do automatic thoughts affect speech in schizophrenia?

  They trigger associations leading to derailment