Methods of studying cells

• magnification = size of image/size of real object
• resolution is the minimum distance apart that two objects can be in order for them to appear as separate items
• in cell fractionation the solution is:

  cold - to reduce enzyme activity that might break down the organelle
• in cell fractionation the solution is:

  isotonic - to prevent organelles bursting due to osmosis
• in cell fractionation the solution is:

  buffered - to keep the pH stable which otherwise might affect the structure of organelle or functioning of enzymes
• the first stage in cell fractionation is Homogenation which releases organelles from the cell
• the second stage of cell fractionation is filtering the homogenate which removes any complete cells or large debris
• the third stage of cell fractionation is ultracentrifugation which is when the homogenate is spun at different speeds to separate the organelles