Situational Crime Prevention

• What does situational crime prevention refer to?

  Adaptations made to prevent criminal acts
• What does situational crime prevention involve analyzing?

  Crimes committed and their locations
• What are the main approaches to situational crime prevention?

  • Target hardening
  • Designing out
• What is target hardening?

  Decreasing opportunity for crime through measures
• What does designing out mean in situational crime prevention?

  Redesigning features to prevent associated crimes
• How do sloping seats at bus shelters help prevent crime?

  They prevent people from sleeping on them
• What are "anti-homeless spikes" used for?

  To prevent rough sleeping outside properties
• How do spikes help in crime prevention?

  They make structures harder to climb
• What is the main reason for using situational crime prevention measures?

  To deter crimes from happening
• Why are situational crime prevention measures popular with councils and businesses?

  They are effective at a relatively low cost
• What is a significant problem associated with situational crime prevention?

  Displacement of crime to other areas
• What happens to crime rates in areas with CCTV?

  Crime may drop but displaces elsewhere
• What is a criticism of some situational crime prevention methods?

  They prevent activities not considered criminal
• What do post-modernist sociologists like Lyng argue about crime?

  The thrill comes from taking risks
• How do situational crime prevention methods affect the thrill of crime?

  They provide a challenge and extra thrill
• What evidence supports the effectiveness of burglar alarms and CCTV?

  They significantly reduce specific crimes
• What term did Zygmunt Bauman use to describe cities with heavy security measures?

  "Fortress cities"
• What does Bauman suggest about people's behavior in "fortress cities"?

  People avoid traveling far from safety
• What type of crime is primarily prevented by situational crime prevention measures?

  Opportunistic street crimes
• How do Marxists view situational crime prevention measures?

  They control the working class, not the ruling class