Field

• What is manipulated in field experiments?

  Independent variable (IV)
• How does the setting of field experiments differ from lab experiments?

  Field experiments occur in natural settings
• Where do researchers conduct field experiments?

  Participants' usual environment
• What are the strengths of field experiments?

  • Higher mundane realism than lab experiments
  • More natural environment
  • More valid and authentic behavior
  • Participants may be unaware of being studied (high external validity)
• Why might field experiments produce more valid behavior?

  Because the environment is more natural
• What are the limitations of field experiments?

  • Loss of control over CVs and EVs
  • Difficult to establish cause and effect
  • Precise replication often not possible
• What is a consequence of losing control over CVs and EVs in field studies?

  Establishing cause and effect is difficult
• What ethical issue arises if participants are unaware they are being studied?

  Informed consent cannot be obtained
• What might research without consent constitute?

  An invasion of privacy