T1 A

• Who is the Grand Alliance made up of?

  USA, USSR, UK
• Who were the big three?

  Roosevelt, Stalin, Churchill
• When was the Tehran conference?

  November 1943
• What were the consequences of the Tehran conference?

  -USA & UK would open a second front in Western Europe

  -Pleased Stalin but annoyed Churchill who wanted it in the Balkans

  -Germany would have to surrender unconditionally

  -It was agreed the U.N would be set up to settle disputes
• When was the Yalta conference?

  February 1945
• What were the consequences of the Yalta conference?

  -Germany split into four zones controlled by USA, USSR, UK and France

  -Germany would pay $20 billion in reparations half going to the USSR

  -UN set up and first met on 25 April 1945

  -Disagreement between USSR & USA over Poland: USSR wanted communism, USA wanted free elections
• When was the Potsdam conference?

  August 1945
• What were the conferences of the Potsdam conference 1945?

  -The big three were now Truman Atlee and Stalin

  -USA tested the atomic bomb day after conference began

  -Red army had liberated many Eastern European countries

  -Agreed to run the economy as a whole

  -Berlin would be divided into four zones

  -Each country to take reparations from their own zone

  -USSR allowed to take a quarter of industrial equipment from other zones

  -Truman objected to Red army in Easter Europe

  -Truman objected to already agreed on Polish borders
• Churchill's Britain was a capitalist democracy
• Stalin's USSR was a communist dictatorship
• When was the atomic bomb dropped?

  Hiroshima 6 August 1945

  Nagasaki 9 August 1945
• What were the consequences of the atomic bomb?

  -Western Europe felt secure under Americas protection

  -Stalin became determined to create a buffer zone of communist countries in East to protect USSR from West

  -Soviets developed their on bomb 29 August 1949

  -Start of the arms race
• What did the Long telegram of 1946 say?

  -Said Stalin wanted to see the destruction of capitalism but would back down in the face of strong resistance

  -Led to policy of containment
• What did the Novikov Telegram say?

  -said the USA wanted to use their massive military power to dominated the world
• The Red army took control Bulgaria, Romania and East Germany in 1944 and 1945
• In 1947 voters in Hungary were intimidated into communism
• by 1949 Hungary was a one party communist state
• Poland supposedly had free elections in 1947 but pro democracy politicians were imprisoned or fled
• In February 1948 communists staged a couple in Czechoslovakia and replaced leader Benes with communist leader Klement Gottwald