hydrocarbons

• What are hydrocarbons defined as?

  Compounds formed from only carbon and hydrogen that are joined by covalent bonds
• What is the name of the hydrocarbon with the formula C4H10?


  Butane
• Why is butanol not considered a hydrocarbon?

  It contains an oxygen atom
• What is the simplest type of hydrocarbons called?

  Alkanes
• What is the molecular formula for methane?

  C1H4
• How many carbon atoms are in ethane?

  Two
• What is the molecular formula for propane?

  C3H8
• How do the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms change in alkanes?

  They increase by one carbon and two hydrogens
• What is a homologous series in organic chemistry?

  A group of compounds with similar properties
• What is the general formula for alkanes?

  CnH2n+2
• If n equals 3, how many hydrogen atoms are in the alkane?

  Eight
• What is the molecular formula for octane?

  C8H18
• What does it mean for alkanes to be saturated compounds?

  Every carbon has four single covalent bonds
• What happens if a single bond in propane is changed to a double bond?

  It becomes an alkene
• What are the properties of alkanes?

  • Saturated compounds
  • Contain only single bonds
  • Follow the general formula CnH2n+2
  • Similar chemical properties in homologous series
• How do you derive the molecular formula from the general formula for alkanes?

  1. Identify the number of carbon atoms (n).
  2. Use the formula CnH2n+2.
  3. Calculate the number of hydrogen atoms.
• what is an alkanes

  they only have single bonds between the atoms
• what are the first 4 hydrocarbons ranging from smallest the biggest

  1. Methane
  2. ethane
  3. propane
  4. butane
• whats the general formula for alkanes

  CnH2n+2
• what are alkenes

  hydrocarbons that have atleast one double bond between them