5.2.1.1 Classical Conditioning

• What is classical conditioning?

  Learning through association
• How does a neutral stimulus become associated in classical conditioning?

  It pairs with a naturally triggering stimulus
• What was the conditioned response in Pavlov's experiment?

  Salivation in response to the bell
• What was the unconditioned stimulus in Pavlov's experiment?

  Food
• What did Pavlov's experiment demonstrate?

  How classical conditioning works
• What is the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in Pavlov's experiment?


  Food given to dogs
• What does the neutral stimulus (NS) represent in Pavlov's experiment?

  A bell that initially means nothing
• What is the conditioned stimulus (CS) in Pavlov's experiment?

  The bell that triggers salivation
• What does UCS stand for in classical conditioning?

  Unconditioned Stimulus
• What is the conditioned response (CR) in Pavlov's experiment?

  Salivation to the bell alone
• What does UCR stand for in classical conditioning?

  Unconditioned Response
• What is the significance of Pavlov's experiment?

  • Demonstrated classical conditioning
  • Showed neutral stimuli can trigger responses
  • Established learned behavior through association
• What is the definition of an unconditioned stimulus (UCS)?

  A stimulus that naturally triggers a response
• What happens during the repeated pairings in Pavlov's experiment?

  The bell is rung before presenting food
• How can Pavlov's findings be applied in everyday life?

  • Associating songs with study habits
  • Creating habits through repeated stimuli
  • Using cues to enhance focus and productivity
• What does NS stand for in classical conditioning?

  Neutral Stimulus
• What is the definition of a neutral stimulus (NS)?

  A stimulus that initially doesn't elicit a response
• What does CS stand for in classical conditioning?

  Conditioned Stimulus
• What is the definition of a conditioned stimulus (CS)?

  A previously neutral stimulus that now triggers a learned response
• What happens to a neutral stimulus during acquisition?

  It becomes a conditioned stimulus
• How does Pavlov's experiment illustrate classical conditioning?

  1. Bell (NS) initially means nothing
  2. Bell paired with food (UCS)
  3. Bell becomes CS
  4. Salivation (CR) occurs with bell
• How does extinction occur in classical conditioning?

  When the CS is presented without the UCS
• In Pavlov's experiment, what was the neutral stimulus?

  The bell
• What does CR stand for in classical conditioning?

  Conditioned Response
• What are the key terms in classical conditioning?

  • Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
  • Unconditioned Response (UCR)
  • Neutral Stimulus (NS)
  • Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
  • Conditioned Response (CR)
• What is the definition of a conditioned response (CR)?

  The learned response to the CS
• What happens if Pavlov stops pairing the bell with food?

  The bell will no longer make dogs salivate
• What is discrimination in classical conditioning?

  The ability to distinguish between the CS and other stimuli
• What is extinction in classical conditioning?

  Weakening and disappearance of the conditioned response
• What are the key concepts in classical conditioning related to extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, and discrimination?

  • Extinction: CR weakens without UCS
  • Spontaneous Recovery: CR reappears after extinction
  • Generalization: CR evoked by similar stimuli
  • Discrimination: Distinguishing between CS and other stimuli
• How can a dog bite lead to a phobia in a child?

  It causes fear of all dogs through generalization
• What are the key components of classical conditioning acquisition?

  • Neutral Stimulus (NS)
  • Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
  • Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
  • Conditioned Response (CR)
  • Consistent pairing to strengthen association
• What is the process of acquisition in classical conditioning?

  Pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus
• How might dogs demonstrate generalization?

  By salivating to sounds like chimes
• What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?

  Reappearance of the CR after extinction
• What does generalization mean in classical conditioning?

  The CR is evoked by similar stimuli
• How do dogs learn discrimination in classical conditioning?

  By salivating only to the bell, not other sounds
• What is the unconditioned response (UCR) in Pavlov's experiment?

  Dogs salivating when given food
• What might happen if someone gets sick after eating a specific food?

  They may develop an aversion to that food
• What role do scents play in aromatherapy?

  They can trigger memories or feelings