Effects of Anxiety on Recall

• What is anxiety defined as?

  An unpleasant feeling in stressful situations
• What are the characteristics of anxiety?

  Persistent worries and an overactive mind
• What physical symptoms might you experience with anxiety?

  Fast heartbeat or trembling
• What happens when arousal becomes excessive during a test?

  It leads to overstimulation and distraction
• How does anxiety compare to fear?

  Anxiety is diffuse and long-lasting, fear is specific
• What is the relationship between anxiety and memory?

  Anxiety can impair memory recall under stress
• How does moderate arousal affect concentration?

  It improves concentration
• How does higher arousal initially affect focus during studying?

  It improves focus while studying
• How does high anxiety impact eyewitness testimony?

  It severely impacts accuracy and recall.
• What are the implications of the Yerkes-Dodson law for testing situations?

  • Moderate arousal can enhance performance
  • High-stress testing can lead to excessive anxiety
  • Excessive anxiety negatively impacts recall accuracy
• What does the Yerkes-Dodson law state about arousal and memory?

  • Moderate arousal is optimal for memory.
  • High anxiety shifts beyond this optimal point.
  • This reduces memory accuracy.
• What do witnesses focus on when experiencing extreme stress?

  Central details, ignoring peripheral information.
• What happens to memory accuracy when anxiety is high?

  It reduces memory accuracy.
• What hormones are released during stressful events?

  Stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline
• How do stress hormones affect memory accuracy?

  They enhance memory for central details but hinder peripheral information
• What is the "tunnel vision" effect caused by adrenaline?

  It neglects surrounding information while focusing on key details
• What happens to performance as arousal increases according to the Yerkes-Dodson law?

  Performance improves until optimal arousal is reached
• What occurs after optimal arousal is reached according to the Yerkes-Dodson law?

  Performance begins to decline as anxiety increases
• What are the effects of increased arousal on attention and memory?

  It affects attention and memory positively
• How do stress hormones influence memory during a robbery?

  • High anxiety enhances memory of the attacker's face
  • Peripheral details like clothing may be forgotten
  • Illustrates the impact of stress hormones on memory accuracy
• How does significant anxiety affect memory during a car accident?

  It impairs memory of license plates
• What effect does adrenaline have on memory?

  Adrenaline sharpens memory for important details
• How can stress hormones affect eyewitness recall?

  They can lead to partial or incomplete recall
• How does anxiety affect arousal levels?

  Anxiety increases arousal levels
• How does high anxiety affect witness confidence?

  It may increase confidence despite flawed memory.
• What role does cortisol play in memory consolidation?

  Cortisol strengthens memory consolidation and focuses attention
• What is the tunnel vision effect in eyewitness accounts?

  It narrows attention to central details
• What happens when cortisol levels are excessive?

  It can overwhelm the brain and cause memory distortion
• What effect does extreme anxiety have on recall accuracy?

  It reduces recall accuracy
• What might a witness feel after witnessing a crime under intense pressure?

  Confident in their testimony despite errors.
• What is the relationship between anxiety and attention?

  Anxiety affects attention negatively when excessive
• What does the Yerkes-Dodson law illustrate?

  Inverted U-shaped relationship between arousal and performance
• In what ways can anxiety impact daily life?

  It can negatively affect daily activities
• What effect does anxiety have on a witness's confidence during court testimony?

  It can increase confidence despite inaccuracies
• What can extreme anxiety during a robbery cause a witness to overlook?

  Details like clothing or height
• How does anxiety differ from stress?

  Anxiety is mainly negative, stress can be positive
• What can result from witnesses ignoring peripheral information?

  Inaccurate recall of the event.
• How can high anxiety during a test affect information processing?

  It makes it difficult to process information