TRANSPORT IN PLANTS- chapt 9

• What role does adhesion cohesion play in the transpirational pull mechanism?

  • Adhesion cohesion binds the water molecules together into a continuous column
  • This allows the transpirational pull to lift the water up the plant
• How does transpiration create transpirational pull in plants?

  Transpiration creates a negative pressure that pulls water up the plant
• What are xylem vessels primarily composed of?

  Specialized dead cells
• How do the processes of transpiration, adhesion cohesion, and osmosis work together to pull water up the plant?

  Transpiration creates a pull, adhesion cohesion forms a column, and osmosis pushes water to the roots
• How does the process described in the image help plants transport water and nutrients?

  • Transpiration pulls water up through the xylem vessels
  • Source cells load sucrose into the xylem, creating a pressure difference
  • This pressure difference drives the sap down the xylem tubes to the sink cells
  • The sink cells unload the sucrose, maintaining the pressure difference
  • This overall process allows plants to efficiently transport water and nutrients
• How does transpiration create the transpirational pull in plants?

  • Transpiration from leaves creates a negative pressure
  • This negative pressure pulls water up the plant through the xylem
• What is the role of the sink cells in the image?

  • Sink cells unload sucrose from the xylem vessels
  • This creates a pressure difference that drives the sap down the xylem tubes
• What are the key processes involved in transpirational pull in plants?

  • Transpiration creates a negative pressure
  • Adhesion cohesion forms a column of water molecules
  • Osmosis pushes water to the roots
• How do the processes of transpiration, adhesion cohesion, and osmosis work together to pull water up a plant?

  • Transpiration creates a negative pressure that pulls water up
  • Adhesion cohesion forms a continuous column of water molecules
  • Osmosis pushes water from the roots up to meet the transpirational pull
• What is the main function of xylem vessels?

  To transport water throughout the plant
• What two forces sustain the upward movement of water in xylem vessels?

  Cohesion and adhesion
• What is the process called that creates transpirational pull in plants?

  Transpiration
• How does phloem transport differ from xylem transport?

  Phloem flows downwards, xylem flows upwards
• What are the key features of xylem vessels?

  • Lignin for support and durability
  • No cross walls for smooth flow
  • Hollow lumen for water movement
• What process creates a pulling force at leaves in plants?

  Transpiration
• How do cohesion and adhesion work together in xylem transport?

  Cohesion keeps water together, adhesion helps it stick
• What is cohesion in the context of water movement in plants?

  Water sticking to itself
• What are the key factors that allow source cells to reduce water loss in plants?

  • Source cells load sucrose into xylem vessels
  • This reduces the water potential in the xylem, drawing more water up
  • This helps plants minimize water loss through transpiration
• What is the purpose of the source cells in the image?

  To load sucrose into the xylem vessels
• What are the source cells in phloem transport?

  Cells like leaves
• What increases the pressure potential in phloem transport?

  Water entering sieve tubes
• What is the relationship between evaporation and transpiration?

  Evaporation pulls water through transpiration
• What are the sink cells in phloem transport?

  Cells like fruits or roots
• How does water enter the phloem sieve tubes?

  Through osmosis
• What is the role of pressure differences in phloem transport?

  They push sap down to sink cells
• What is adhesion in the context of water movement in plants?

  Water sticking to vessel walls
• What role do stomata play in transpiration?

  They open to allow water evaporation
• What is the significance of the water column in plants?

  It maintains constant water movement upwards
• What is the purpose of the sieve-tube elements shown in the phloem?

  To facilitate the transport of sucrose and other nutrients
• How does water move from the soil to the leaves?

  Through roots, xylem vessels, and veins
• Where is the source of sugars in plants?

  Leaves where glucose is made
• What is the final destination of water in the transpiration process?

  Atmosphere
• What creates a water column in plants?

  Capillary action through cohesion and adhesion
• What is the function of the xylem cells shown in the image?

  To transport water upwards in the plant
• What is the direction of sugar flow during translocation?

  Unidirectional from source to sink
• What are the two main types of cells shown in the image?

  Xylem and phloem
• How does adhesion cohesion help create the column of water molecules that is pulled up the plant?

  Adhesion cohesion makes the water molecules stick together into a column
• What is the process called where water evaporates from the leaves of a plant?

  Transpiration
• Describe the process of sucrose movement during translocation.

  • Sucrose moves from leaf cells (source)
  • Enters companion cells
  • Moves to sieve tubes
  • Water from xylem enters, creating pressure
  • Phloem sap is pushed down to root cells (sink)
• What is translocation in plants?

  Movement of sugars through phloem vessels