Hitlers rise to power 1919-1933

• Early nazi party organisation - SA


  Hitlers personal bodyguards

  Ex soldiers

  By 1922- 800 members

  Increased hitler power because beat opposition and was strength in time of instability
• NSDAP

  National socialist German workers party

  was the nazi party

  formed in 1919

  led by adolf hitler
• Hitlers leadership skills

  popular, clever

  brings talented people into the party

  this helped him because he had a strong party

  clever publishers , politicians and army officers
• his appeal to the public

  was a good. public speaker

  drew people in with charisma, hand gestures and eye contact

  this helped hitler because he was good with his words and told poeple what they wanted to hear
• 25 point programme

  1 - unite all german speaking countries ( anschluss )

  3 - only those of german blood are members of nation

  9 - all citizens equal rights and duties

  7 - promote work and livelihood of citizens
• Munich putsch

  November 1923 - tried to take advantage of hyperinflation

  By 1923, nazi party had 55,000 members, stronger than ever

  in Bavaria ( county that Munich is in ) catholic and traditional - many disliked new weimar government

  On 9th November 1923, hitler and sa marched through Munich thinking t was going to be a victory. However police were called and had brought army reinforcements
• consequences of munich putsch

  was a failure in the short term, but an important event in nazis rise to power.

  short term

  nazi party was banned

  hitler was prevented from speaking in public until 1927

  hitler was tried for high treason ( betraying country )

  sentenced to 5 years in prison

  long term

  during his time he wrote a book called “mein kampf“ talking about nazi ideology's - millions of germans read it

  hitler realised he would never come to power through the use of violence needed to use democratic means
• The lean years 1923-1929

  Mein kampt - book hitler wrote in prison - nazi ideology's

  Party reorganisation - finance, industry and Education sectors. Women's department and youth sector

  SS- selected members of sa, organised, smart

  The bamberg conference 1926 - there was a spilt in the party, Hitler called a meeting and spoke for 5 hours, said the socialist elements of the party were like communists and enemies to the party. Established hitlers control in the party
• Who was the leader of the DAP

  Anton drexter
• When did hitler become leader of the nsdap party

  Early 1921
• What was the name of the first nsdap manifesto

  25 point program
• What does the nsdap stand for

  German national socialist workers party
• Causes of munich putsch

  Short term - hyperinflation and french occupation of ruhr, germany in chaos

  Medium - mussolini march on rome

  Long term - opposed treaty of versalles
• Mussolini

  mussolini marched to rome in 1922, this inspired Hitler as mussolini did succeed. However he had support from the public and the pope

  Hitler thought he could re create this however he had little support
• Hitler was sentenced to 5 years of prison, however he only served 9 months
• Bamburg conference

  Local party organisation

  Ideologies debate whether more left or right wing

  impact - hitler asserted control

  Socialists weakened

  Hitler could adapt the party into policies he liked

  arranged for more publicity and propaganda in areas outside of Munich

  north of germany focussed on socialist element of the party to attract support from working class

  the south of germany were more focused on nationalist and racist polices in order to gain support from the middle and upper class
• May 1932 - Brunning is dismissed by hiddenburg and appointed von papen

  Von papen at the time had support from von Schleicher ( not having a high political following )

  July 1932 - reichstag election nazis had more votes ( 230 seats ) but not majority

  hitler demanded chancellor but was denied

  Von papen was authoritarian but von Schleicher Wanted to run a government that represented the whole germany, so brought in officials to oppose von papen
• December 1932 - von papen resigns, von Schleicher now chancellor

  Von schleicher tried to control nazi behaviour, failed, without nazi support failed to gain support from government

  Von papen wanted revenge on von schleicher so plotted with hitler to have him outed. Hiddenburg already frustrated with von schleicher, new government proposed, hitler as chancellor, von papen vice chancellor, tried to keep hitler under control by giving him a bit of power
• Bruning Governemnt

  After the wall steet crash, 1929, America wanted all foreign loans back

  Destroyed Weimar Republic, unemployment rose to 6 million

  July 1930, brunning decided to cut government expenditure and wages, worst thing to do in a economic depression. Couldnt gain governmental support so hiddenburg used article 48

  Angry and bitterness from the public meant people turned to the nazi party

  Many workers turned to communism which frightened wealthy businessmen so they invested and supported nazi party

  Under bruning was chaos so hiddenburg elected von papen in may 1932
• Mein kampf

  “ my struggles“

  Autobiography/ manifesto

  highlighting his political ambitions and ideology

  The belief that germans were the inferior race compared to aryans

  Replace democracy with dictatorship

  Germanys requirement for lebensraum, living space, to house growing population

  Wanted germany to expand into Poland, Czechoslovakia
• Propaganda

  Appealed to upper and middle protection from communism

  Radios - mass production of radios 70% of homes had one and spoke about nazi ideology

  Riech chamber of culture act 1933 - all art, music, literature and theatre had to be approved by nazis, all art was tradition and highlighted nuclear, patriarchal families

  Burning of books 1933 - all books that didnt aline with nazi ideology or books written by jews
• Growth in support 1929 -1932

  Support of weimar republic was decreasing

  Hitlers charisma aided them in gaining more supports

  Oct 1929 wall street crash - us companies lost billions for dollars due to worldwide depression

  Us had to stop lending money to germany all demanded all to be paid back

  Germans businesses had to pay back loans and pay. More taxes

  German government cut employment benefits

  Unemployment reached peak at 6 million

  Middle/upper wanted protection from communism

  Poor needed money and food