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Chemistry (Triple)
C3 - Quantitative Chemistry
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Cards (64)
What is the relative atomic mass (A) of an element compared to?
Mass of an atom of
carbon-12
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How is the relative formula mass (M) of a compound calculated?
Sum of all
relative atomic masses
(A)
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What is the relative formula mass (M) of hydrochloric acid (HCl)?
36.5
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Do relative atomic mass (A) or relative formula mass (M) values have units?
No
, they have
no
units
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How can atoms be compared to building bricks in a chemical reaction?
Atoms can be rearranged like bricks
Total
mass
remains
constant
Energy is needed for rearrangement
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What happens to mass in a closed system during a chemical reaction?
Mass remains
constant
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What occurs in a non-enclosed system during a chemical reaction?
Mass
can change due to
gas release
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What does the law of conservation of mass state?
No
atoms
are lost or made
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How is uncertainty defined in scientific measurements?
Measure of
variability
in data
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What are the two types of errors in measurements?
Random error
and
systematic error
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What causes random errors in measurements?
Poor
technique
or faulty equipment
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What are systematic errors?
Consistent errors that recur in
experiments
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How is the range of a set of results calculated?
Difference between
largest
and
smallest
value
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How is the uncertainty of the mean calculated?
Range
divided
by 2
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What is the relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction?
Mass of reactants equals
mass
of products
No
atoms
are created or destroyed
Total mass remains
constant
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What is concentration in chemistry?
Amount of
substance
in a volume of liquid
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How can concentration be measured in chemistry?
By mass or number of
moles
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How do you convert cm³ to dm³?
Divide by
1000
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What is a mole (mol) in chemistry?
A
measurement
used
in
chemistry
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What does Avogadro's constant represent?
Number of
particles
in one
mole
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What is the value of Avogadro's constant?
6.02 × 10²³
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How is the mass of one mole of a substance related to its relative formula mass?
They are equal in
grams
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How can the number of particles in a substance be calculated?
Using
Avogadro's constant
and
moles
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Calculate the number of helium molecules in 10 mol of helium.
6.022 × 10²⁴
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What is the process for determining masses in chemical equations?
Write
relative atomic mass
(A) for elements
Write
relative formula mass
(M) for compounds
Use these values in
calculations
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How do you calculate the mass of water produced from burning 300g of methane?
Use
balanced equation
and
relative masses
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What is the balanced equation for burning methane?
CH₄
+ 2O₂ →
2H₂O
+ CO₂
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How do you calculate the mass of water produced from 16g of methane?
Use the
balanced equation
and
relative masses
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How do you calculate the number of moles in 330g of K₂S?
moles = mass ÷
Mr
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How do you calculate the mass of 0.9 moles of Fe(NO₃)₃(H₂O)₉?
mass = moles ×
Mr
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What is the concept of limiting reactants in a chemical reaction?
Reactant that is completely used up
Determines amount of
product formed
Other reactants remain in
excess
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How do you balance chemical equations using masses?
Write balanced equation
Calculate mass of
limiting reactant
Use
A and M
of reactants and products
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How do you determine the balanced symbol equation for magnesium and oxygen reaction?
Calculate
moles
and divide by
smallest
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What is the balanced equation for magnesium oxide production?
2Mg +
O₂
→ 2MgO
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How do you calculate the amount of each reactant in a reaction?
Use
mass
and
relative atomic mass
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How do you determine the limiting reactant in a reaction?
Identify
reactant
used
up
first
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What is the significance of the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?
Determines the maximum amount of
product
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How do you calculate the maximum mass of a product formed?
Use
balanced equation
and limiting reactant
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How do you find the balanced symbol equation for magnesium reacting with oxygen?
Calculate
moles
and balance the equation
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How do you calculate the amount of magnesium and oxygen in a reaction?
Use their
relative atomic masses
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