6.3 POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS

• Who became Chancellor of Germany in January 1933?

  Adolf Hitler
• What was the political situation in Germany before Hitler became Chancellor?

  Political instability and reliance on presidential decree
• What was the outcome of the presidential elections in March and April 1932 for Hitler?

  He was quite successful
• How did the Nazis perform in the July 1932 election compared to September 1930?

  They were optimistic about improving their votes
• How many seats did the Nazis win in the July 1932 election?

  230 seats
• What was the political strategy of Franz von Papen after the July 1932 election?

  He did not relinquish his post as Chancellor
• Why did Hindenburg refuse to appoint Hitler as Chancellor in August 1932?

  He feared giving power to an intolerant party
• What happened to the Reichstag in September 1932?

  Papen dissolved it and called new elections
• What was the result of the November 1932 election for the Nazis?

  They won 196 seats
• What did Hindenburg's refusal to appoint Hitler indicate about his views on the Nazi Party?

  He was wary of their intolerance
• What was the percentage of votes the Nazis received in the November 1932 election?

  33.1%
• What was Papen's opinion about the Nazis after the November 1932 election?

  He believed they were losing momentum
• What was the significance of the term 'Querfront' proposed by Schleicher?

  It aimed to unite left and right parties
• When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?

  30 January 1933
• How did Hitler achieve the Chancellorship?

  By legal and democratic means
• What was Papen's role after Hitler became Chancellor?

  Vice-Chancellor
• What did Papen believe about controlling Hitler?

  He thought he could dominate him
• What was the outcome of the political intrigue between Papen, Hindenburg, and Hitler?

  Hitler became Chancellor with Papen's support
• What were the main voting trends over the three general elections from 1930 to 1932?

  • July 1932: Nazis won 230 seats (37.4%)
  • November 1932: Nazis won 196 seats (33.1%)
  • SPD and KPD also gained seats
• What were the main actions of key individuals from mid-1932 to early 1933?

  • Hitler: Demanded Chancellorship, became Chancellor
  • Papen: Chancellor, schemed with Hindenburg, became Vice-Chancellor
  • Schleicher: Minister of Defence, became Chancellor, forced to resign
  • Hindenburg: President, refused Hitler's Chancellorship, appointed Papen and Schleicher