6.2.4 Uses of Halogens and Their Compounds

• What type of elements are halogens?

  Non-metals
• Why are halogens considered highly reactive?

  Because they have seven valence electrons
• How do the states of halogens change as you go down the group?

  They change from gas to liquid to solid
• In which group of the periodic table are halogens found?

  Group 7
• How many valence electrons do halogens have?

  Seven valence electrons
• What are the four common halogens and their states at room temperature?

  • Fluorine: Gas
  • Chlorine: Gas
  • Bromine: Liquid
  • Iodine: Solid
• What are the states of halogens at room temperature?

  • Fluorine: gas
  • Chlorine: gas
  • Bromine: liquid
  • Iodine: solid
• What type of elements are halogens?

  Highly reactive non-metals
• How does chlorine disinfect water?

  By killing harmful bacteria and microorganisms
• How does the reactivity of halogens change down the group?

  Reactivity decreases going down the group
• What are the key properties of halogens?

  • High electronegativity
  • Formation of ionic halides
  • Change in state at room temperature
• What household product is chlorine essential for making?

  Bleach
• How many valence electrons do halogens have?

  Seven valence electrons
• Why is bromine used in dyes and indicators?

  It provides vibrant colors and signals chemical changes
• What property of chlorine allows it to disinfect effectively?

  Its strong oxidizing properties
• Why is iodine added to table salt?

  To prevent goiter, a thyroid disorder
• What is the primary function of bleach?

  To remove stains and kill germs
• What is the physical state of bromine at room temperature?

  Reddish-brown liquid
• In which industries is chlorine used?

  Manufacturing PVC plastics and fertilizers
• What are the main uses of chlorine?

  • Water treatment
  • Bleach production
  • Industrial uses (PVC, fertilizers)
  • Medical sterilization
• How does chlorine's reactivity contribute to its uses?

  It allows chlorine to react and disinfect effectively
• How does bromine affect plastics and rubber?

  It strengthens and stabilizes certain materials
• What are the main uses of bromine in industries?

  • Gasoline additives
  • Fire retardants
  • Dyes and indicators
  • Plastics and rubber
  • Pharmaceuticals
• What is one medical use of chlorine?

  To sterilize equipment and surfaces
• What is fluorine classified as?

  The lightest halogen
• How does bromine function as a gasoline additive?

  It improves engine performance and prevents fuel knock
• How do doctors use iodine supplements?

  To treat or prevent goiter
• How do bromine's chemical properties contribute to its industrial uses?

  They enhance products and improve performance
• What role does bromine play in fire retardants?

  It makes materials less flammable, increasing safety
• What role does fluorine play in refrigerants?

  It is used in certain fluorine compounds
• What are the key uses of iodine?

  • Sterilization of medical equipment
  • Enrichment of table salt
  • Treatment of goiter
• What does high electronegativity in halogens indicate?

  Strong ability to attract electrons
• What trend is observed in the color of halogens as you move down the group?

  Halogens become darker
• What is one of the main uses of chlorine?

  Water treatment
• What do halogens form when they react with metals?

  Ionic halides
• How does iodine help in sterilization?

  It kills bacteria and fungi
• How does fluorine enhance pharmaceuticals?

  It improves the properties of some medications
• What health issues can iodized salt help avoid?

  Iodine deficiency and related health issues
• What is iodine essential for in the human body?

  Thyroid gland health
• What industrial materials benefit from fluorine?

  Plastics, Teflon, and durable materials