Respiration

• Why is respiration important for energy?

  It releases energy from glucose molecules
• What process do plants use to make glucose?

  Photosynthesis
• What is cellular respiration described as?

  An exothermic reaction
• What does the term 'exothermic' mean in respiration?

  It releases energy during the reaction
• What is continuously occurring in living cells?

  Cellular respiration
• What is one use of energy released from respiration?

  Building larger molecules from smaller ones
• How does energy help in muscular contraction?

  It allows movement in organisms
• Why is energy needed for maintaining body temperature?

  To stay warm in colder environments
• What do we call the combination of all chemical processes in an organism?

  Metabolism
• What are the two types of respiration mentioned?

  Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
• When does aerobic respiration occur?

  When there is enough oxygen
• What is the efficiency of aerobic respiration?

  It is the most efficient way to transfer energy
• Where does aerobic respiration take place?

  In mitochondria
• What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
• What is notable about the chemical symbols in the aerobic respiration equation?

  There are six of everything except glucose
• How is the equation for aerobic respiration related to photosynthesis?

  It is the exact opposite of photosynthesis
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Respiration without oxygen
• When do we rely on anaerobic respiration?

  When we can't get enough oxygen
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose → lactic acid
• Why do we prefer aerobic respiration over anaerobic respiration?

  Aerobic respiration is more efficient
• What is a consequence of anaerobic respiration?

  Lactic acid builds up in the body
• What happens to lactic acid after anaerobic respiration?

  It has to be removed later
• How does anaerobic respiration differ in plants and yeast?

  It produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What is the process called when yeast undergoes anaerobic respiration?

  Fermentation
• How is fermentation used in industry?

  To make bread, beer, and wine
• What does carbon dioxide produced by yeast do in bread?

  Forms pockets of air for fluffiness
• What is the role of ethanol produced by yeast?

  It is used to make alcoholic beverages
• What are the main types of respiration and their characteristics?

  • Aerobic respiration:
  • Requires oxygen
  • Most efficient energy transfer
  • Occurs in mitochondria
  • Anaerobic respiration:
  • Occurs without oxygen
  • Less efficient energy transfer
  • Produces lactic acid (in animals) or ethanol and carbon dioxide (in plants and yeast)
• What are the uses of energy released from respiration?

  • Building larger molecules from smaller ones
  • Muscular contraction for movement
  • Maintaining body temperature
• What is metabolism and its significance?

  • Combination of all chemical processes in an organism
  • Maintains life by facilitating necessary reactions