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Cards (43)
Who was the first to use a microscope and observe cork?
Robert Hooke
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What did Robert Hooke report about cells?
They
were
"
little boxes
" or "
cells
"
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What is the title of Robert Hooke's published book?
Micrographia
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Who is known as "The Father of Microbiology"?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
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What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first observe?
Live
microorganisms
through magnifying lenses
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What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek document in his drawings?
Organisms found in
rainwater
and
feces
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Who questioned the reliability of the Spontaneous Generation Theory?
Francesco Redi
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What experiment did Francesco Redi conduct?
Two jars
experiment
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Who supported the Spontaneous Generation Theory?
John Needham
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What experiment did John Needham perform?
Chicken broth and corn broth experiment
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What was John Needham's argument regarding microbes?
They arose
spontaneously
in broths
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Who criticized John Needham's experiment?
Lazzaro Spallanzani
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What did Lazzaro Spallanzani find in his experiment?
Significant
error in Needham's experiment
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What was a criticism of Spallanzani's observations?
Not enough
oxygen
in sealed flasks
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Who believed in the importance of handwashing?
Florence Nightingale
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What did Florence Nightingale develop for documenting mortality rates?
Coxcomb
or
rose charts
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Who is known as "The Father of Modern Pathology"?
Rudolf Virchow
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What concept did Rudolf Virchow challenge?
Spontaneous generation
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What was Rudolf Virchow's contribution to biology?
Concept of
biogenesis
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Who disapproved of the Spontaneous Generation Theory?
Louis Pasteur
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What did Louis Pasteur demonstrate about microorganisms?
They contaminate
sterile
solutions
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What did Louis Pasteur's discoveries lead to?
Aseptic techniques
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What method did Louis Pasteur introduce related to fermentation?
Pasteurization
Method
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What role do yeasts play in fermentation according to Pasteur?
Crucial
role
in
fermentation
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What theory did Louis Pasteur contribute to regarding disease?
Germ Theory of Disease
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Who applied the germ theory to medical procedures?
Joseph Lister
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What substance did Joseph Lister use to treat surgical wounds?
Phenol
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What was the impact of Joseph Lister's findings?
Reduced
infections
and
deaths
in surgery
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Who discovered Bacillus anthracis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Robert Koch
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What did Robert Koch formulate regarding disease causation?
Koch's Postulate
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What are the steps of Koch's Postulate?
Found in diseased, not
healthy
individuals
Must be
cultured
from diseased individual
Inoculation must
recapitulate
the disease
Must be
re-isolated
and matched to original
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Who is famous for the discovery of the smallpox vaccine?
Edward Jenner
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How did Edward Jenner discover the smallpox vaccine?
From a milkmaid infected by
cowpox
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Who conducted important research on chemotherapy?
Paul Ehrlich
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What compound did Paul Ehrlich discover?
Salvarsan
or Compound
606
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What award did Paul Ehrlich receive in 1908?
Nobel Prize
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Who discovered an antibiotic from Penicillium chrysogenum?
Alexander Fleming
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What was the accidental discovery made by Alexander Fleming?
Discovery of
Penicillin
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What happened to the staphylococcus colonies in Fleming's observation?
They underwent
lysis
and became transparent
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Who introduced a method of sterilization using temperature?
John Tyndall
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See all 43 cards
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