Controlling blood glucose

• What hormones control blood glucose concentration?

  Insulin and glucagon
• What does blood glucose concentration refer to?

  The amount of sugar in the bloodstream
• Why do cells need a constant supply of glucose?

  For respiration to produce energy
• What happens if blood glucose concentration is too high?

  It can damage body tissues
• What happens to carbohydrates after a large meal?

  They are broken down into glucose
• What does a spike in blood glucose levels indicate?

  Glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream
• What organ detects high blood glucose levels?

  The pancreas
• What hormone is released in response to high blood glucose levels?

  Insulin
• What do insulin receptors on cells do?

  They signal cells to take in glucose
• Which cells primarily take up glucose?

  Liver and muscle cells
• What is glycogen?

  A long-term storage form of glucose
• What happens to blood glucose concentration after insulin is released?

  It decreases back to normal levels
• What hormone is released when blood glucose levels are low?

  Glucagon
• How does glucagon affect blood glucose levels?

  It increases blood glucose concentration
• What does glucagon do to glycogen in the liver?

  It breaks glycogen down into glucose
• What is the relationship between insulin and glucagon?

  They create a negative feedback loop
• How do insulin and glucagon maintain blood glucose levels?

  By opposing each other's effects on glucose
• Why does blood glucose concentration fluctuate?

  Due to constant release of insulin and glucagon
• What is the effect of skipping breakfast on blood glucose levels?

  It can cause low blood glucose concentration
• What happens to glucose levels after a meal rich in carbohydrates?

  They spike due to glucose absorption
• How does the pancreas respond to high and low blood glucose levels?

  It releases insulin for high, glucagon for low
• What is the overall goal of insulin and glucagon in the body?

  To maintain stable blood glucose levels
• What is the consequence of high blood glucose levels?

  Potential damage to tissues
• What is the role of the pancreas in blood glucose regulation?

  It detects glucose levels and releases hormones
• What happens to glucose after it is absorbed into the bloodstream?

  It can be used for energy or stored
• How does the body ensure glucose is available for respiration?

  By regulating insulin and glucagon levels
• What is the significance of the negative feedback loop in glucose regulation?

  It helps maintain homeostasis in glucose levels