south africa

• boer is the word in afrikaans for farmer
• apartheid is the state of being apart, or literally translated ‘apartness’.
• In 1652, The Dutch, led by Jan van Riebeck established a settlement in Cape Town and began colonizing the area
• the dutch attempted to force the local African communities to work for them and failed which led to an aggressive campaign against indigenous Africans and to the importation of slaves from the Far East.
• after 70 years of conflict between the British, the Boers and various African tribes  until the discovery of diamonds added an extra layer of tension and this led to the Second Boer War of 1899-1902
• 1909 the south africa act was passed and the four colonies joined together to form the Union of South Africa and the white population was given self-determination
• • The Afrikaner broederbond was a secret, exclusively male and Afrikaner calvanist organization in South Africa dedicated to the advancement of Afrikaner interests. 
• English-speaking parties dominated South African government before 1948 and were also racist and segregationist
• • Grand apartheid: This was the overall strategy of keeping the different races separated as much as possible; for example, by ensuring they lived in separate areas.
• petty apartheid: The day-to-day policies that kept people apart - such as not allowing black people into certain shops or restaurants.
• the homelands would provide enough employment for most blacks, and many blacks could be moved from ‘white’ towns and cities so that the whites would not be outnumbered.
• in the tomlinson report Only 13% of the land was for the 70% of the population that were black
• verwoerd became pm in 1958
• verwoerd was the mastermind and he tried to make it seem like apartheid benefitted black people