Oxygen Transport

Cards (82)

  • What is the chemical formula of the heme group shown in the image?
    CH=CH2
  • What are the main components of the heme group?
    • Porphyrin ring
    • Iron (Fe2+) atom at the center
    • Methyl, vinyl, and propionate side chains
  • What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?
    Movement of air
  • What happens to carbon dioxide during gas exchange in the lungs?
    Carbon dioxide moves from capillary into alveolus
  • What are the tiny sacs in the lungs called?
    Alveoli
  • What are the key components involved in the function of the alveoli?
    • Alveolar sacs
    • Capillary walls
    • Red blood cells
    • Oxygen
    • Carbon dioxide
  • How thick are the walls that gases pass through in the lungs?
    One cell thick
  • What is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
    • Transports oxygen from lungs to tissues
    • Binds oxygen molecules via heme groups
    • Contributes to the red color of blood
  • Where does air travel after entering the nose or mouth?
    Down the airways to the lungs
  • What is the role of alveoli in the respiratory system?
    They absorb oxygen from the air
  • What are the thin-walled blood vessels in the lungs called?
    Capillaries
  • How is carbon dioxide removed from the body?
    When you exhale
  • What systems are involved in oxygen transport?
    • Respiratory system: brings oxygen into lungs
    • Circulatory system: delivers oxygen throughout the body
  • What are the main components of the respiratory system?
    Lungs, airways, and diaphragm
  • How does the structure of the alveoli facilitate efficient gas exchange?
    The thin capillary walls and large surface area of the alveoli allow for rapid diffusion of gases
  • If a person is exercising and their muscles require more oxygen, how would this affect the human gas exchange process?
    The rate of oxygen intake and carbon dioxide expulsion would increase
  • What are the main steps of the human gas exchange process?
    • Oxygen (O2) is taken in through the lungs
    • Oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream and binds to red blood cells
    • Carbon dioxide (CO2) diffuses from the bloodstream into the lungs
    • Carbon dioxide is expelled from the body through exhalation
  • What occurs when you breathe out?
    Carbon dioxide leaves the body
  • What happens when you breathe in?
    Air enters through nose or mouth
  • What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
    Bringing oxygen into the body
  • What factors affect oxygen transport efficiency?
    • Large surface area of alveoli
    • Thin walls of alveoli
    • Proximity to capillaries
    • Blood flow
    • Partial pressure differences
  • What is the chemical formula of the heme group shown in the image?
    CH=CH2
  • How does the iron ion in heme groups function in hemoglobin?
    It binds to oxygen molecules
  • How does greater blood flow influence oxygen transport?
    It speeds up gas transport
  • What is oxygen transport?
    Movement of oxygen from lungs to bloodstream
  • How does the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and carbon dioxide (pCO2) differ between the systemic arteries and systemic veins?
    The systemic arteries have a higher pO2 and lower pCO2 compared to the systemic veins
  • What is the name of the iron-containing compound shown in the image?
    Porphyrin
  • What is the name of the process shown in the image?
    Human gas exchange
  • What is the significance of the respiratory process in the body?
    It ensures oxygen is transported throughout the body
  • What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the systemic veins?
    45 mmHg
  • What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the systemic veins?
    45 mmHg
  • What type of cells transport oxygen throughout the body?
    Red blood cells
  • What gas dissolves into the plasma after gas exchange in the lungs?
    Oxygen
  • What is the process of oxygen transport in the bloodstream?
    • Oxygen dissolves in plasma after gas exchange
    • Binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells
    • Red blood cells transport oxygen via the circulatory system
    • Oxygen is delivered to all tissues
  • What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the alveolar air?
    40 mmHg
  • What is the name of the group of molecules shown in the image?
    Heme group
  • What is hemoglobin?
    A protein with four subunits
  • How does increased surface area affect oxygen transport efficiency?
    It improves efficiency of gas exchange
  • What gas is expelled by the lungs during human gas exchange?
    Carbon dioxide (CO2)
  • How do the walls of alveoli contribute to gas exchange?
    Thin walls facilitate efficient gas exchange