Electricity (science) 💡👩🏾‍🔬

• What is the flow of electrons in a circuit called?

  Electric current
• What happens when the switch in a circuit is closed?

  Electrons flow out of the cell
• From which end of the cell does the electric current flow?

  From the negative end to the positive end
• What do electrons carry from the cell?

  Energy
• What type of energy is transferred in a lamp?

  Light energy and thermal energy
• What is the characteristic of a series circuit?

  It has no branches
• What is the unit of electric current?

  Amperes (A)
• How can we measure current in a circuit?

  Using an ammeter
• What is true about current in a series circuit?

  Current is the same all the way around
• What happens to current in parallel circuits?

  Some current passes through each branch
• What does the top ammeter measure in a parallel circuit?

  The current leaving the cell
• How does the current in branches of a parallel circuit relate to the total current?

  The current in branches adds up to total current
• What does a potential difference of 1 volt indicate?

  1 joule of energy per coulomb of charge
• How do we measure potential difference?

  Using a voltmeter
• What happens to electrical energy in a lamp?

  It is transferred to light and thermal energy
• What happens to the brightness of lamps in series?

  Both lamps are dimmer than one lamp
• How does potential difference across lamps in series compare?

  The total potential difference is shared
• What is true about potential difference in parallel circuits?

  It is the same across each component
• What is a battery composed of?

  Two or more cells connected together
• How does potential difference add up in a battery?

  Cells must be connected in the same direction
• How is electrical charge measured?

  In coulombs (C)
• What does a current of 1 ampere represent?

  1 coulomb of charge flowing per second
• How do you calculate charge flowing in a circuit?

  Using the equation Q = I × t
• If the current is 0.3 A for 20 seconds, what is the charge?

  6 coulombs
• How do you calculate current if charge is 360 C in 400 s?

  0.9 A
• How do you calculate energy transfer by components?

  Using the equation E = Q × V
• If 4 coulombs flow with a potential difference of 15 V, what is the energy transferred?

  60 joules
• How do you calculate energy transferred in resistor A with 3 coulombs and 5 V?

  15 joules
• What does resistance tell us in a circuit?

  The difficulty to drive current through a component
• What does a higher resistance indicate about a lamp?

  It requires more energy to drive current
• How do you calculate resistance using voltage and current?

  Using the equation R = V / I
• If the current is 2 A and the resistance is 50 ohms, what is the potential difference?

  100 volts
• How do you calculate the potential difference needed for a certain current?

  Rearranging the equation V = I × R
• If the current is 0.5 A and resistance is 50 ohms, what is the potential difference?

  25 volts