Chemical changes

• What does a metal reacting with oxygen produce?

  Metal oxide
• why is a reaction an oxidation reaction?

  Metals gain oxygen
• how is reactivity determined?

  how easily metals lose electrons and become positive ions
• what is an acid +metal?

  salt+ water
• what is a metal+water?

  metal hydroxide+ hydrogen
• what is oxidation in terms of oxygen?

  gain of oxygen
• what is reduction in terms of oxygen?

  loss of oxygen
• how are metals higher than carbon in reactivity series extracted?

  using electrolysis
• what is a disadvantage of electrolysis?

  it is expensive
• how can metals below carbon in the reactivity series be extracted?

  using carbon
• how can metals less reactive than carbon be extracted by carbon?

  through reduction
• why is carbon used to extract metals?

  carbon can only take the oxygen away from. metals that are less reactive than carbon
• where do acids ionise?

  in aqueous solution
• what are strong acids?

  acids that completely ionise in aqeuous solution
• what are weak acids?

  acids that partially ionise in aqueous solution
• what type of reaction is ionisation of a week acid?

  reversible
• what happens to the concentration of h+ ions as the pH decreases by 1?

  the concentration of h+ ions increases by a factor of 10
• acid+metal oxide

  salt+water
• acid+metal hydroxide

  salt+water
• acid + metal carbonate

  salt+water+carbon dioxide