Classification

• What is the purpose of classifying species?

  To organize millions of different species
• How did our ancestors classify species?

  Based on physical appearance
• What is a limitation of using simple names for species?

  They don't indicate species relationships
• Who proposed the Linnaean system of classification?

  Carl Linnaeus
• What are the main categories in the Linnaean system?

  Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
• In what language are the names in the Linnaean system primarily?

  Latin
• What is the binomial naming system?

  It names species by genus and species
• How should you write a species name in the binomial system?

  Italicize and capitalize the genus
• What did Carl Woese propose in the 1990s?

  The three domain system of classification
• What are the three domains proposed by Woese?

  Eukaryota, bacteria, archaea
• What does the domain Eukaryota include?

  Organisms with eukaryotic cells
• What type of organisms does the domain Bacteria contain?

  Single-celled prokaryotic organisms
• Where are archaea typically found?

  In extreme conditions like hot springs
• How do evolutionary trees represent species relationships?

  By linking common ancestors
• What does a split in an evolutionary tree indicate?

  A common ancestor splitting into species
• What do scientists compare to learn about species relationships?

  Structure and DNA of different species
• What mnemonic can help remember the order of classification groups?

  Dear Kate Please Come Over For Great Spaghetti
• What is the Linnaean system of classification?

  • Groups species by characteristics
  • Categories: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
  • Names primarily in Latin
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Linnaean system?

  Strengths:

  • Organized classification
  • Universal naming system

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Names can be lengthy
  • Doesn't indicate evolutionary relationships
• What is the significance of evolutionary trees?

  • Show evolutionary relationships
  • Link common ancestors
  • Indicate how species are related
• How do scientists study evolutionary relationships?

  • Compare structure and DNA
  • Analyze fossil records
  • Use modern techniques like RNA analysis