Germany: Democracy and Dictatorship

• What was the new state of Germany called after its proclamation on 18.1.1871?

  Reich/Empire
• In what year was the unification of the German Empire created?

  1871
• Who was the ruler of Germany during the Kaiser period?

  Kaiser Wilhelm I
• What years did Germany acquire colonies in Europe?

  1884-1914
• Who succeeded Kaiser Wilhelm I as ruler of Germany?

  Kaiser Wilhelm II
• What does 'Welt Politik' mean?

  'World Policy'
• What was the first Dreadnought battleship launched?

  1906
• What crisis occurred in 1911 involving Germany and France?

  Agadir Crisis
• Which party was the largest in the Reichstag in 1912?

  SPD
• When did World War I start?

  1914
• What powers did the Kaiser have in Germany?

  Command military, appoint ministers, veto laws
• What role did the Chancellor play in the German government?

  Made important decisions and needed Reichstag support
• How did the Reichstag's power change with more SPD members?

  It became more important in federal laws
• What was the significance of the upper classes' attitude towards reforms?

  They opposed many reforms proposed by the Reichstag
• What was the military's role in Prussia and Germany?

  Militarism was very important and visible
• What was the impact of nationalism on the German navy?

  It led to a dramatic increase in naval power
• What was the purpose of the Navy Laws?

  To expand and strengthen the German navy
• How did German industry change before WWI?

  It grew significantly with strong alliances
• What social changes occurred due to the growth of socialism?

  More rights and power for the working classes
• What was the impact of the British naval blockade during WWI?

  It led to food shortages and starvation
• What was the Treaty of Versailles' impact on Germany?

  It imposed harsh reparations and restrictions
• What was the Weimar Constitution's main feature?

  It established a republic with voting rights
• What was the outcome of the Spartacist Rising?

  Government used Freikorps to suppress it
• How did the Kapp Putsch attempt to change the government?

  Freikorps tried to create a right-wing government
• What was the significance of the Munich Putsch?

  Nazi Party's failed attempt to seize power
• What led to hyperinflation in Germany?

  Passive resistance and printing money for workers
• What was the impact of hyperinflation on the German population?

  Currency became worthless, affecting savings
• How did Stresemann contribute to Germany's economic recovery?

  Created new currency and negotiated loans
• What was the significance of the Locarno Treaty?

  Improved Germany's international relations
• What characterized the cultural scene in Weimar Germany?

  Vibrant with new artistic movements
• When did the Wall Street Crash occur?

  1929 October
• How did the Great Depression affect Germany?

  Led to high unemployment and business closures
• What was the Nazis' appeal during the Great Depression?

  Promised strong leadership and stability
• What happened to Hitler in January 1933?

  He was appointed Chancellor of Germany
• What was the significance of the Reichstag Fire?

  It allowed Hitler to consolidate power
• What was the Night of the Long Knives?

  Hitler eliminated political rivals in 1934
• What happened after Hindenburg's death in 1934?

  Hitler became the Führer and army oath
• What role did the Freikorps play in the Spartacist Rising?

  They suppressed the uprising violently
• What was the impact of the Dawes Plan on Germany's economy?

  It stabilized the economy with loans
• What was the significance of the Young Plan in 1929?

  It reduced total reparations owed by Germany