Electrolysis

• Electrolysis is used in the production of aluminum and sodium through the extraction of reactive metals from their ores.
• What is an electrolyte?


  The substance being broken down
• What is electrolysis?


  It is the process where electric current is used to break down compounds into its elements.
• What is the positive electrode called?

  Anode
• What is the negative electrode called?


  Cathode
• Which electrode will positive ions move towards?

  Cathode
• Which electrode will negative ions move towards?

  Anode
• Why are electrodes usually made out of graphite?

  Because it is inert (unreactive)
• What would electrolysis split lead bromide into?

  Lead and bromine
• which electrode would the lead ions move towards?

  Cathode
• Which electrode would the bromine ions move towards?

  Anode
• Why can ionic substances only conduct electricity when molten/aqueous?


  In molten/aqueous substances the ions are free to move and conduct electricity.
• What is oxidation?

  When oxygen is gained and electrons are lost.
• What is reduction?

  When oxygen is lost and electrons are gained.
• OILRIG

  Oxidation is loss (electrons)

  Reduction is gain (electrons)
• What is a redox reaction?

  When both oxidation and reduction occur
• We can represent reactions at the electrodes using half equations.
• Which metals can be extracted from their ores using electrolysi?

  metals that are more reactive than carbon
• What is a disadvantage of electrolysis?

  Its expensive and requires lots of heat and energy
• What are the products when aluminium oxide undergoes electrolysis?

  Aluminium at the cathode, oxygen at the anode
• Why must the anode be replaces after aluminium oxide undergoes elEctrolysis?

  Because at the anode oxygen gas forms and reacts with the carbon electrode, forming carbon dioxide . This burns away the anode so it must be replaced often.
• What is cryolite?


  It is a mineral used i the production of aluminium that lowers its melting point so less energy is used, therefore cheaper.
• What products are produced at the cathode when an aqueous solution undergoes electrolysis?


  You get hydrogen at the cathode unless the metal is less reactive than hydrogen.
• What products are produced at the anode when an aqueous solution undergoes electrolysis?


  Oxygen will form at the anode unless they are ions from group 7, then the halogen is produced.
• What’s the difference between an anode and a cathode?


  The anode is the electrode where oxidation occurs, while the cathode is the electrode where reduction occurs.
• What is ’Aqueous’?


  A substance dissolved in water to form a solution.
• What charge is the anode?

  Positive
• What charge is the cathode?


  Negative.
• what is attracted to the anode?


  negative ions
• what is attracted to the cathode?


  positive ions
• what are the anode and cathode?


  electrodes
• Describe what happens during electrolysis


  During elecrolysis, an electric current is passed through an electrolyte. Positive ions are attracted to the cathode, there they gain electrons and are discharged as elements. Negative ions are attracted to the anode, where they lose electrons and are discharged as elements.
• During electrolysis, does oxidation or reduction happen at the cathode?


  Reduction
• During electrolysis, does oxidation or reduction happen at the anode?


  Oxidation
• Is the metal or non-metal element produced at the cathode when a molten ionic compound undergoes electrolysis?


  Metal
• IS the metal or non-metal element produced at the anode when a molten ionic compound undergoes electrolysis?

  The non-metal element