food chains & food webs

• primary producer (green plant)
• primary consumer which eats the primary producer
• secondary consumer which eats the primary consumer
• tertiary consumer which eats the secondary consumer
• quaternary consumer which eats the tertiary consumer
• herbivores consume plants
• carnivores consume animals
• omnivores consume plants and animals
• a predator is an organism that kills and feeds on another organism (lion)
• the prey is the organism that the predator eats (zebra)
• an apex predator is at the top of the food chain and has no predators (hawks, owls, killer whales, tiger sharks)
• Predators characteristics to catch its prey:

  -speed

  • camouflage
  • poison to kill its prey
• Characteristics of prey to avoid being eaten

  • speed
  • camouflage
  • poison
• food chains?


  a series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food
• food webs?


  an ecosystem which has more than one primary producer and consumers have more than one source of food