synaptic transmission

• What happens when the action potential reaches the axon terminal?

  Vesicles travel to the outer membrane
• What occurs in Step 2 of neurotransmitter release?

  Neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic gap
• What is the role of receptors on dendrites?

  They bind to specific neurotransmitters
• What mechanism do receptors use to bind neurotransmitters?

  Lock and key mechanism
• What happens if a neurotransmitter fits the receptor?

  The message is sent to the next neuron
• What occurs if a neurotransmitter does not fit the receptor?

  The message is not passed on
• What happens to neurotransmitters after they are used?

  They are reabsorbed into the pre-synaptic neuron
• Why are neurotransmitters reabsorbed into the pre-synaptic neuron?

  So they can be reused
• What happens to neurotransmitters that are not reabsorbed?

  They are broken down by enzymes
• What is the role of enzymes in neurotransmitter regulation?

  They break down neurotransmitters not reabsorbed
• What is the role of noradrenaline?

  Fight-or-flight response
• How does noradrenaline affect sleep?

  It plays a role in sleeping and dreaming
• What functions does noradrenaline influence besides the fight-or-flight response?

  Learning, attention, and emotional control
• What is dopamine primarily associated with?

  Posture and control of movement
• What behaviors does dopamine influence?

  Dependency, behavior, and addiction
• What role does serotonin play in the body?

  Mood control and happiness
• How does serotonin affect sleep?

  It regulates sleep and wakefulness
• What is the function of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)?

  It blocks messages rather than transmitting them
• How does GABA affect the nervous system?

  It calms nerves that are firing
• What is associated with the lowest levels of GABA?

  Anxiety
• How does noradrenaline contribute to emotional control?

  It helps regulate emotional responses
• How does dopamine influence general emotion?

  It affects mood and emotional responses
• How does serotonin regulate body temperature?

  It helps maintain stable body temperature
• What feelings are associated with low levels of GABA?

  Feelings of anxiety