How is radiation harmful?

• What is irradiation?

  The process of exposing an object to radiation
• What types of radiation can cause irradiation?

  Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation
• What is contamination?

  Radioactive particles getting onto other objects
• Why is contamination a concern?

  It increases the risk of irradiation
• What factors determine how harmful radiation is?

  Type of radiation, exposure location, and dosage
• Which type of radiation is generally the most dangerous?

  Ionizing radiation
• How can ionizing radiation affect DNA?

  It can cause mutations in DNA
• What can uncontrolled cell division lead to?

  Development of cancer
• Which type of radiation can lead to cancer, even if not ionizing?

  Ultraviolet radiation
• What is the order of radiation types from most harmful to least harmful?

  • Alpha (most harmful)
  • Beta
  • Gamma
  • Ultraviolet
  • Microwave
  • Radio waves (least harmful)
• How does the location of the radiation source affect its harm?

  Alpha radiation is less harmful outside the body
• Why is alpha radiation more dangerous if inside the body?

  It can penetrate cells easily
• What is the term for the amount of radiation exposure?

  Dosage
• What factors influence radiation dosage?

  Distance, exposure time, and radioactivity
• What precautions should be taken around radioactive sources?

  • Wear protective gear (gloves, overalls)
  • Use tools (tongs) for handling
  • Store in lead-lined boxes
• Can being irradiated cause mutations or make someone radioactive?

  No, it cannot cause mutations or radioactivity
• When can someone harm others with radiation?

  When carrying a radioactive source
• What is the main difference between irradiation and contamination?

  • Irradiation: Exposure to radiation
  • Contamination: Radioactive particles on objects