Pregnancy test

• What is the role of monoclonal antibodies in pregnancy tests?

  They detect the hormone hCG in urine
• What hormone do pregnant women produce that is detected by pregnancy tests?

  hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
• How do pregnancy tests indicate a positive result?

  The test strip turns blue when hCG is present
• What happens to the blue beads in a pregnancy test when hCG is present?

  They bind to fixed antibodies and get stuck
• What are the two parts of a pregnancy test strip?

  • Right side: Fixed monoclonal antibodies specific to hCG
  • Left side: Free-moving blue beads covered in monoclonal antibodies
• What happens if a woman is not pregnant when using a pregnancy test?

  The test strip does not turn blue
• Why are the blue beads in a pregnancy test free to move?

  They are not fixed to the test strip
• How many lines do most pregnancy tests show for a positive result?

  Two lines
• What should users do before using a pregnancy test?

  Read the instructions carefully
• Describe the process of how a pregnancy test works.

  1. Urine is applied to the test strip.
  2. If hCG is present, it binds to blue beads.
  3. Blue beads flow and bind to fixed antibodies.
  4. The strip turns blue, indicating a positive result.