Diabetes

• What is the role of insulin in the body?

  Insulin helps regulate blood glucose levels
• When is insulin released by the pancreas?

  When blood glucose concentration is high
• What does insulin do to cells in the body?

  It tells them to absorb excess glucose
• What is glycogen?

  Glycogen is stored glucose in the body
• How does insulin affect blood glucose levels?

  It helps bring glucose levels back to normal
• What are the two types of diabetes mentioned?

  Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes
• What is the underlying problem in both types of diabetes?

  Patients can't regulate blood glucose levels
• When does type 1 diabetes generally occur?

  In childhood or teenage years
• What happens to insulin production in type 1 diabetes?

  The pancreas stops producing insulin
• What can happen if blood glucose levels rise too high in type 1 diabetes?

  It can make the person feel ill
• What is the main treatment for type 1 diabetes?

  Injecting insulin
• Where is insulin typically injected for type 1 diabetes treatment?

  Into the abdomen or thigh
• How does injecting insulin after a meal help type 1 diabetes patients?

  It mimics the pancreas releasing insulin
• What factors determine the amount of insulin needed for injection?

  What they've eaten and exercise level
• Why are people with diabetes encouraged to avoid sugary foods?

  To prevent high blood glucose levels
• How does exercise affect insulin needs for diabetes patients?

  More exercise means they need less insulin
• Who is most likely to develop type 2 diabetes?

  Older people with unhealthy diets
• What happens to cells in type 2 diabetes?

  They become resistant to insulin
• What is the effect of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes?

  Cells won't take in much glucose
• What is the main treatment for type 2 diabetes?

  A healthy low sugar diet and exercise
• What are the key differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

  • Type 1:
  • Occurs in childhood/teenage years
  • Pancreas stops producing insulin
  • Treated with insulin injections
  • Type 2:
  • Occurs in older adults
  • Cells become resistant to insulin
  • Treated with diet and exercise
• What should patients with diabetes remember about their treatment?

  Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes