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Chemistry
Evolution of the atmosphere
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Created by
Joe Dobson
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Cards (24)
What is the composition of the Earth's atmosphere?
About
80%
nitrogen
and
20%
oxygen
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What gases make up less than one percent of the Earth's atmosphere?
Carbon dioxide
, water vapor,
noble gases
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What role did volcanic activity play in the early atmosphere?
It created a
carbon dioxide-rich
atmosphere
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How did algae and plants affect atmospheric composition?
They reduced
CO2
and increased
oxygen
levels
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Why is the evolution of the atmosphere considered a theory?
It is supported by evidence but not
definitive
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What is the time frame for the Earth's history mentioned?
4.6 billion years
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What was the early atmosphere mostly composed of?
Mostly
carbon dioxide
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What did the dissolved carbon dioxide in oceans form?
Carbon
precipitates
and sediments
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What happened as water vapor condensed in the early atmosphere?
It formed oceans that dissolved
CO2
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When did algae begin to appear in Earth's history?
About
2.7 billion years ago
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What process do algae and green plants use to affect atmospheric gases?
Photosynthesis
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How did photosynthesis impact carbon dioxide and oxygen levels?
Decreased
CO2
and increased oxygen levels
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What happens to algae and green plants when they die?
They become buried and form
sedimentary rock
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What types of fossil fuels are formed from dead plankton?
Crude oil
and
natural gas
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What is coal primarily made from?
Thick deposits of dead
plant material
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What is limestone primarily composed of?
Calcium carbonate
from
marine
organisms
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What are the key stages in the evolution of the Earth's atmosphere?
Intense
volcanic activity
produced
CO2
Water vapor condensed to form
oceans
Algae and
plants
evolved and
photosynthesized
Decreased CO2 and increased
oxygen levels
Formation of
sedimentary rock
and
fossil fuels
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What is the current composition of the Earth's atmosphere?
Mostly
oxygen
and
nitrogen
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What is the significance of sedimentary rock and fossil fuels in relation to the atmosphere?
They trap
carbon
and prevent it from escaping
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What is the main function of photosynthesis in algae and plants?
To take in
CO2
and produce
oxygen
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How did the evolution of complex life forms relate to atmospheric changes?
Increased
oxygen
levels allowed complex life to evolve
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What is the relationship between sedimentary rock formation and the carbon cycle?
Carbon is trapped in rocks, reducing atmospheric
CO2
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What is the primary gas produced during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
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What is the role of sediment in the carbon cycle?
Sediment
traps
carbon,
preventing
its
release
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