Evolution of the atmosphere

Cards (24)

  • What is the composition of the Earth's atmosphere?
    About 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen
  • What gases make up less than one percent of the Earth's atmosphere?
    Carbon dioxide, water vapor, noble gases
  • What role did volcanic activity play in the early atmosphere?
    It created a carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere
  • How did algae and plants affect atmospheric composition?
    They reduced CO2 and increased oxygen levels
  • Why is the evolution of the atmosphere considered a theory?
    It is supported by evidence but not definitive
  • What is the time frame for the Earth's history mentioned?
    4.6 billion years
  • What was the early atmosphere mostly composed of?
    Mostly carbon dioxide
  • What did the dissolved carbon dioxide in oceans form?
    Carbon precipitates and sediments
  • What happened as water vapor condensed in the early atmosphere?
    It formed oceans that dissolved CO2
  • When did algae begin to appear in Earth's history?
    About 2.7 billion years ago
  • What process do algae and green plants use to affect atmospheric gases?
    Photosynthesis
  • How did photosynthesis impact carbon dioxide and oxygen levels?
    Decreased CO2 and increased oxygen levels
  • What happens to algae and green plants when they die?
    They become buried and form sedimentary rock
  • What types of fossil fuels are formed from dead plankton?
    Crude oil and natural gas
  • What is coal primarily made from?
    Thick deposits of dead plant material
  • What is limestone primarily composed of?
    Calcium carbonate from marine organisms
  • What are the key stages in the evolution of the Earth's atmosphere?
    • Intense volcanic activity produced CO2
    • Water vapor condensed to form oceans
    • Algae and plants evolved and photosynthesized
    • Decreased CO2 and increased oxygen levels
    • Formation of sedimentary rock and fossil fuels
  • What is the current composition of the Earth's atmosphere?
    Mostly oxygen and nitrogen
  • What is the significance of sedimentary rock and fossil fuels in relation to the atmosphere?
    They trap carbon and prevent it from escaping
  • What is the main function of photosynthesis in algae and plants?
    To take in CO2 and produce oxygen
  • How did the evolution of complex life forms relate to atmospheric changes?
    Increased oxygen levels allowed complex life to evolve
  • What is the relationship between sedimentary rock formation and the carbon cycle?
    Carbon is trapped in rocks, reducing atmospheric CO2
  • What is the primary gas produced during photosynthesis?
    Oxygen
  • What is the role of sediment in the carbon cycle?
    Sediment traps carbon, preventing its release