Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration

• How is respiration similar to burning fuel in a car?

  Both processes release energy to power movement
• What is the initial stage of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  • Both processes start with glycolysis
  • Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
• What is ATP in the context of cellular function?

  The energy currency of cells
• What are the key steps in the aerobic respiration process?

  1. Glycolysis: Glucose broken down to pyruvate
  2. Pyruvate oxidation: Pyruvate enters mitochondria
  3. Citric acid cycle: Pyruvate further broken down
  4. Electron transport chain: ATP produced
  5. Oxidative phosphorylation: More ATP produced
• What is the end product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?

  Ethanol and CO2
• What are the two main types of cellular respiration?

  • Aerobic respiration
  • Anaerobic respiration
• Where does aerobic respiration occur?

  Cytoplasm and mitochondria
• What is the name of the process shown in the bottom left of the image?

  Glycolysis
• How do aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ in terms of energy yield?

  • Aerobic respiration yields 38 ATP
  • Anaerobic respiration yields 2 ATP
• What is the main purpose of respiration in cells?

  To release energy from glucose
• Where does anaerobic respiration occur?

  Only in the cytoplasm
• What is respiration?

  A chemical process to release energy
• What type of respiration does not require oxygen?

  Anaerobic respiration
• What are the products of aerobic respiration?

  $CO_{2}$, water, and 38 ATP
• What are the reactants for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose and oxygen
• What type of combustion occurs in aerobic respiration?

  Complete
• What is the energy yield of aerobic respiration?

  High (36 - 38 ATP)
• How many ATP are produced in anaerobic respiration?

  2 ATP
• What are the reactants for anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose
• How is energy from glucose transformed during respiration?

  It is transformed into ATP
• Where does aerobic respiration occur?

  Cytoplasm and mitochondrion
• What are the inputs and outputs of the Krebs cycle?

  Inputs:

  • Pyruvate from glycolysis
  • CO2
  • H+ and electrons carried via NADH and FADH2

  
  

  Outputs:

  • 2 ATP
  • NADH and FADH2 for the electron transport chain
• What are the stages of anaerobic respiration?

  Glycolysis, Fermentation
• What is the name of the cycle shown in the image?

  Krebs cycle
• What are the products of anaerobic respiration in animals?

  Lactic acid
• How does the amount of ATP produced differ between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  Aerobic respiration produces 36-38 ATP, while anaerobic respiration only produces 2 ATP
• What are the products of anaerobic respiration in yeast?

  Ethanol + CO2
• What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  | Feature | Aerobic Respiration | Anaerobic Respiration |

  |---|---|---|

  | Oxygen needed? | Yes | No |

  | Products | CO2 + Water + 38 ATP | Lactic acid/alcohol + 2 ATP |

  | Efficiency | High | Low |

  | Location | Cytoplasm + Mitochondria | Cytoplasm only |
• How does the Krebs cycle differ from glycolysis in terms of the energy produced?

  Glycolysis produces a net 2 ATP, while the Krebs cycle produces 2 ATP directly and also provides NADH and FADH2 for the electron transport chain to produce more ATP
• What type of combustion occurs in anaerobic respiration?

  Incomplete
• What is the end product of aerobic respiration?

  CO2 and H2O
• How does the electron transport chain work to produce ATP?

  • Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed through a series of electron carriers
  • This creates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
  • The proton gradient drives ATP synthase to produce ATP
• What are the stages of aerobic respiration?

  Glycolysis, Link reaction, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain
• What are the three stages of aerobic respiration?

  Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain
• How does the energy yield of aerobic respiration compare to anaerobic respiration?

  Aerobic yields significantly more ATP
• What is the end product of anaerobic respiration in animals?

  Lactic acid
• What type of respiration requires oxygen?

  Aerobic respiration
• What is the main difference in products between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  Aerobic produces CO2 and water; anaerobic produces lactic acid/alcohol
• What is produced during glycolysis in anaerobic respiration?

  2 ATP
• How do aerobic and anaerobic respiration work together?

  They ensure energy is available for cellular needs