Social and Dispositional Factors

• What do group norms determine in a crowd?

  Behaviour of the crowd
• What can cause antisocial effects in crowds according to Freedman's research?

  Crowding in a small space
• What is social loafing?


  Reduced effort in group work
• How does deindividuation affect personal identity in groups?


  It reduces personal identity
• What did Latané et al. find about noise levels in groups?


  Less noise made in groups than alone
• In what type of tasks is social loafing not a problem?

  Creative tasks
• How do individualist cultures differ from collectivist cultures?

  Focus on individual needs vs. group needs
• What did Earley find about social loafing in collectivist cultures?

  Effort remains the same regardless of identification
• Why might generalizations about countries be problematic?

  People are influenced by multiple cultures
• What type of locus of control makes individuals less influenced by crowds?

  Internal locus of control
• What does research suggest about personality's influence on crowd behavior?

  Not all research shows personality matters
• What is the definition of morals?

  Sense of right and wrong
• What did Sophie Scholl do that demonstrated her moral strength?

  Distributed anti-Nazi literature
• What was the consequence of Sophie Scholl's actions?

  She was executed